转变教育范式:为何互相借鉴已经不再适用

Shifting the Education Paradigm: Why it's No Longer Sufficient to Borrow from Each Other

东方和西方现有的教育本质上是相似的,都在不断对学生灌输知识和技能;但是由于文化的差异,双方教育的表现形式有所不同。东西方教育因而产生了双方互相崇拜的结果,例如,东亚学生在国际评估中成绩优异,西方学生擅于创新等。这样的结果受着历史文化和社会制度的影响,因而无法通过浅层的学习来获得。如果当前的教育范式不做出改变,努力跟上技术的迅速发展,那么东西方再如何互相学习都是不足够的。本文认为,在当今新的技术变革面前,技能和知识被大规模和广泛地重新定义,教育也需要做出相应的改变,从而为年轻的一代提供新时代所需的知识和技能。本文详细列举了我们当前已经拥有的构建新教育范式的原材料、工具以及创新教育的实践经验,阐述了新教育范式可能的特性,例如,个性化教育、产品导向型教育、全球化校园等。随后,本文强调了中国在这场教育范式变革中的重要地位,以及未来教育范式对创新和企业家、多元化发展路径、教育平等方面的希冀。最后,本文从战略远景、研究发展、改革创新等方面为中国引领教育新范式提供了建议,供教育研究者和政策制定者们参考借鉴。

Eastern and Western countries are similar in their opinions regarding the essence of education, which is constant knowledge and skills instillation while they differ on the form they take due to cultural diversity. The East and the West have thus achieved some accomplishments admired by each other. For example, East Asian students perform on a higher level on international assessments; Western students are good at critical and innovative thinking. These results are deeply influenced by the historical, cultural and social background of the East and the West, thus cannot be replicated simply by learning from each other. It will not be possible to make real changes if the old education paradigm remains unchanged. This article argues, in order to keep pace with the drastically developing technology that has redefined knowledge and skills, the current education paradigm needs to be changed correspondingly to equip young people with updated knowledge and skills. The author then lists the raw materials, tools, and exemplary practices for the new paradigm, such as personalized education, product-oriented learning, globalized campus and so forth. The article also emphasizes the importance of China in this paradigm reform, and opportunities for innovations and entrepreneurs, diversified development paths, and educational equality. In the end, the author offers suggestions from the aspects of strategic vision, development and research, and reform and innovation for China to seize the opportunities.