中国爻变说与韩国丁若镛爻变哲学

On Yaobian Theories between Chinese Scholars and Korean Scholar Jeong Yakyong

爻变说是中国古代易学的重要内容，也是一种重要的解《易》方法。从《易传》到汉宋有丰富的爻变思想。丁若镛在继承前人易学的基础上，按照自己的理解，对爻变作出了新的理解，提出了爻本质是变、爻变与筮法相关、是一爻变、爻变是一切象数前提等观点，以此重建了以太极为本体、以爻变为核心的象数体系。他通过诠释《周易》经传尤其是《系辞传》“易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生八卦”等话语，以太极概念为核心，详细地论述万物之本（胚胎），从天地开始，由太极生天地阴阳、生四时、生万物的创化过程及客观世界形成后万物瞬息万变，体现了太极生生之德性。在此基础上，重点阐明了模拟客观变化的《周易》符号，无论是推移、互体还是物象，皆以爻变贯穿其中，生动地反映自然界阴阳交感、生生不息、大化流行的特征，从而建构了由阴阳符号构成的、流动的、生生不息的、充满活力的独特宇宙图式。

＂Yaobian （爻变）＂ is an important part of the ancient Chinese Zhou Changes （《周易》）, and it is also an important method to explain Changes （《易》）. From the time when Yi zhuan （《易传》） is written to Han and Song Dynasties, there are rich ideas for yaobian. On the basis of inheriting the predecessors＇ scholarship on Changes, Jeong Yakyong makes a new explaination of yaobian according to his own understanding, and proposes that the essence of ＂yao＂ is change, yaobian is related to Shifa （“筮法”）, yaobian is identical, yaobian is the premise of image-numerological approaches, etc. In this way, imagenumerological approaches are rebuilt, whose ontology is Taiji （“太极”） and core is yaobian. He interprets Changes, Yi zhuan, especially ＂ therefore in （the system of） the Yi there is the Grand Terminus （Taiji）, which produced the two elementary Forms. Those two Forms produced the Four emblematic Symbols, which again produced the eight Trigrams＂, and other words in Xid （《系辞》）. He treats Taiji as the core and explains the essence of everything （embryo） in detail, starting from the creation of heaven and earth, yin and yang, four seasons and the process of life as well as rapid changes after the formation of the objective world, to reflect the virtue of Taiji. On this basis, he focuses on the symbols of Changes that simulates objective changes. Whether it is Tuiyi （“推移”）, Huti （“互体”） or Wuxiang （“物象”）, yaobian transforms through it, vividly reflecting the interaction of yin and yang, the endless life, and the rapid changes of the natural world, thus constructing a unique cosmic pattern composed of yin-yang symbols which is flowing, endless, and vigrous.