两种职业健康风险评估模型在上海市奉贤区某汽车零部件制造企业中的运用

Application of two occupational health risk assessment models in an automobile-component manufactory in Fengxian District of Shanghai

目的探讨新加坡半定量风险评估模型和模糊数学风险评估模型在上海市奉贤区某汽车零部件企业职业健康风险评估中的运用。方法对某汽车零部件制造企业主要生产车间进行职业卫生学调查,并对生产场所职业病危害因素进行检测。根据检测结果,应用新加坡半定量风险评估模型和模糊数学风险评估模型开展职业健康风险评估,并比较评估结果。结果新加坡半定量风险评估模型评估结果:摩擦片车间接触的甲苯、甲醛和热处理车间接触的甲醛为中等风险;变矩器车间接触的铜烟为可忽略风险;其他各车间接触的毒物、粉尘均为低风险。模糊数学风险评估模型评估结果:基于毒物、粉尘和噪声建立的模糊矩阵计算得出摩擦片车间、热处理车间、变矩器车间和整个厂区的综合评估结果均为Ⅱ级(良);基于毒物、粉尘建立的模糊矩阵计算得出摩擦片车间和热处理车间综合评估结果为Ⅱ级(良),变矩器车间和整个厂区的综合评估结果为Ⅰ级(优)。结论新加坡半定量风险评估模型和模糊数学风险评估模型评估结果一致性较好。实际运行中,根据需要对现有职业健康风险评估方法进行改良并运用多种评估方法进行评估可作为风险评估的策略之一。

[Objective]To explore the application of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and fuzzy mathematical risk assessment model in occupational health risk assessment of an automobile-component manufactory in Fengxian District of Shanghai.[Methods] An occupational hygiene survey was conducted on the main production workshops of an automobile-component manufactory,and the occupational hazard factors in workplace were examined. Based on the detection results,Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and fuzzy mathematical risk assessment model were used to conduct occupational health risk assessment and the results of the assessment were compared.[Results]Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model assessment results： toluene and formaldehyde in friction plate workshop and formaldehyde in heat treatment workshop were moderate risk;copper smoke in torque converter workshop was negligible risk;poisons and dust exposure in other workshops were all low risk. Fuzzy mathematics risk assessment model assessment results： based on the fuzzy matrix established by the poison,dust and noise,the comprehensive evaluation results of friction plate workshop,heat treatment workshop,torque converter workshop and the entire plant area were grade Ⅱ（good）;based on the fuzzy matrix established by the poison and dust,the comprehensive evaluation results of the friction plate workshop and heat treatment workshop were Grade Ⅱ（good）,and the torque converter workshop and entire plant area were GradeⅠ（excellent）.[Conclusion]The consistency between Singapore semiquantitative risk assessment model and fuzzy mathematical risk assessment model is relatively good. In actual operation,the improvement of existing occupational health risk assessment methods and using multiple assessment methods for assessment can be one of the risk assessment strategies.