精神科护士共情疲劳与工作场所暴力的相关性研究

Correlation between empathy fatigue and workplace violence in psychiatric nurses

目的探讨精神科护士共情疲劳与工作场所暴力之间的相关性。方法采用一般资料问卷、共情疲劳量表、工作场所暴力发生频数问卷对374名精神科护士进行调查。结果精神科护士共情疲劳各维度的得分分别为:共情满意得分为32.49±6.00,职业倦怠得分为27.32±4.42,继发性创伤应激得分为26.01±5.38。精神科护士近1年遭受过工作场所暴力的有284名,发生率为75.94%。发生形式中谩骂和威胁的所占比例较高,精神科护士的共情满意度与遭受工作场所暴力呈负相关(r=-0.294,P<0.01)。而职业倦怠与遭受工作场所暴力呈正相关(r=0.151,P<0.01)。结论精神科护士的共情疲劳与工作场所暴力的发生密切相关,工作场所暴力发生越频繁,共情疲劳程度越高。因此,积极采取预防工作场所暴力发生的措施是降低精神科护士共情疲劳的重要手段。

[Objective] To explore the co rrelation between empathy fatigue and workplace violence in psychiatric nurses.[Methods]374 psychiatric nurses were investigated by general information questionnaire,empathy fatigue scale and workplace violence frequency questionnaire.[Results]The dimension scores of empathy fatigue in psychiatric nurses were as follows： total satisfaction was 32.49 ±6.00,occupational burnout was 27.32 ±4.42 and secondary traumatic stress was 26.01 ±5.38. In the past one year,there were 284 psychiatric nurses have suffered from workplace violence,with an incidence rate of 75.94%,and the proportion of abuse and threats was relatively high. The empathy satisfaction of psychiatric nurses was negatively correlated with workplace violence （r=-0.294,P〈0.01）.And job burnout was positively correlated with workplace violence （r=0.151,P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The empathy fatigue of psychiatric nurses is closely related to the occurrence of workplace violence. The more frequent the violence occurs in the workplace,the higher the degree of fatigue. Therefore,active prevention of workplace violence is an important means to reduce the fatigue of psychiatric nurses.