我国58家候车室卫生管理现状

Present situation of public health management of 58 public transport waiting rooms in China

目的了解我国候车室卫生管理现状,分析存在的问题及原因。方法参照《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》,对我国58家候车室场所基本情况进行分析研究。结果候车室卫生监督档案建档、健康检查、基本卫生设施或标识设置等方面的场所符合率较高,在94.8%～100.0%之间;卫生监督管理档案内容完整率、健康证持证率、卫生监督量化分级评定率不高,在36.4%～45.2%之间;集中空调通风系统新风口与冷却塔和排风口距离、定期清洗等主要卫生要求符合率较低,在31.2%～81.2%之间;等候区座椅、自动扶梯等公用设备设施每日消毒的场所开展率较低,在25.0%～39.3%之间。结论候车室卫生管理现况不佳,卫生监督管理档案、座椅和自动扶梯等公用设备设施卫生消毒存在不符合卫生管理要求问题较为突出,尤其是集中空调通风系统卫生隐患严重,有潜在传播军团病和其它致病微生物的风险,建议加强相关公共卫生管理工作。

[Objective]To understand the current status of public health management in public transport waiting rooms,analyze the existing problems and causes.[Methods]The basic situation of 58 public transport waiting rooms in China was surveyed according to the Detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations on health management in public places.[Results]The coincidence rate of health supervision and management archives,health inspection rate of employees,and coverage rate of basic sanitary equipment were relatively higher,which were 94.8%-100.0%. The integrity rate of health archives,health certificate rate,quantitative grading rate of sanitary supervision were not high,which were 36.4%-45.2%. The hygienic qualification rate of fresh air inlet,and regular cleaning for centralized air conditioning ventilation system in the building were relatively lower,which were31.2%-81.2%. The disinfection development rate of public facilities such as waiting area seats and escalators were relatively lower,which were 25.0%-39.3%.[Conclusion]The hygienic management of waiting room is not good. The health supervision and management archives and the sanitary disinfection of public facilities such as seats and escalators does not meet the requirements of hygienic management. In particular,the health risks of central air conditioning and ventilation system are serious,and there is a potential risk of legionnaires＇ disease transmission. The management of public health needs to be strengthened.