2013—2017年玉林市博白县乙型肝炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Bobai County of Yulin City from 2013-2017

目的分析2013—2017年玉林市博白县乙型肝炎流行病学特征,为制定乙型肝炎防控策略提供依据。方法用描述流行病学分析方法,对疾病监测管理系统报告的乙型肝炎疫情资料进行分析。结果 2013—2017年玉林市博白县累计报告乙型肝炎病例6 937例,年平均报告发病率为75.26/10万,各年份发病率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=7.92,P>0.05),发病季节性不明显。男女发病性别比为1.96∶1,男女性别发病率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=379.863,P<0.01);病例主要集中在20～<45岁人群,占总病例数的60.18%。职业分布以农民为主,占总病例数的82.79%。结论在加强新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗及时接种的同时,应重点加强20～<45岁人群的乙型肝炎防控,制订针对青壮年及农民等重点人群的免疫接种方案,提高乙型肝炎疫苗的预防效果。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Bobai County of Yulin City from 2013-2017,provide basis for formulating strategies for prevention and control of hepatitis B.[Methods]The epidemic data of hepatitis B from the National disease supervision information management system were investigated by the descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]A total of 6 937 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Bobai County of Yulin City from 2013-2017,with the average annual incidence rate of 75.26/lakh. The difference in incidence rate was not statistically significant among different years（χ^2=7.92,P 〈0.05）,and there was no obvious seasonality. The male-to-female ratio was 1.96 ∶1.There was statistically significant difference in incidence rate between males and females（χ^2= 379. 863, P 〈0. 01）. The patients were concentrated on20-45 year-old age group,accounting for 60.18% of total cases. Most of cases were farmers,accounting for 82.79% of total cases.[Conclusion] While strengthening the timely inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine for newborns,it is necessary to focus on strengthening the prevention and control of hepatitis B among people aged 20-45 years old,and develop an immunization program for the key groups of young adults and farmers to enhance the preventive effect of hepatitis B vaccine.