2010—2016年南通市通州区手足口病流行病学特征与防控对策

Epidemiological characteristics and control countermeasures of hand-foot-mouth disease in Tongzhou District of Nantong City from 2010-2016

目的了解2010—2016年南通市通州区手足口病流行病学特征与防控对策。方法从传染病报告信息管理系统中获取2010—2016年南通市通州区手足口病疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2016年,通州区共报告手足口病11 242例,年均报告发病率137.19/10万;病例主要集中在4—7月份及11—12月份;流动人口较多镇(街道)年均报告发病率高于其他镇(街道);男性发病率高于女性,以0~5岁组为主,占92.40%;重症手足口病病例检出肠道病毒71型(EV71)比例(66.67%)高于轻症病例(29.83%)。累计报告手足口病聚集性疫情128起,涉及病例462例,其中托幼机构发生103起。505例1 047人次重复感染,重复感染率9.31%。结论 2010—2016年南通市通州区手足口病具有明显季节、性别、年龄及地区差异,应在手足口病流行季节,对0~5岁年龄组及流动人口较多地区儿童应采取有针对性的防控措施,进一步加强病原学检测及疫情监测报告,做好病例隔离、环境消毒和疫苗接种等工作,从而有效减少重症病例及聚集性疫情的发生。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics and control countermeasures of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in Tongzhou District of Nantong City from 2010-2016. [Methods] The epidemic data of HFMD from 2010-2016 in Tongzhou District of Nantong City was derived from the infectious disease report information management system and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. [Results] There were 11 242 cases of HFMD in Tongzhou District from 2010-2016,with an average annual incidence of 137.19/lakh. The most commonly reported cases appeared April to July and November to December. The incidence was higher in the town（ street） with m ore floating population than in the other towns（streets）. The incidence in males was higher than that in females, in which the 0-5 age group accounted for 92.40%. The detection ratio of human enterovirus 71（EV71） in the severe cases（66.67%） was higher than that in the mild cases（29.83%）. There were a total of128 episodes of HFMD clusters accumulatively, involving 462 cases, 103 of which occurred in nurseries. There were 505 cases（1 047 person-time） of repeated infection, with the reinfection rate of 9.31%. [Conclusion] The epidemic of HFMD is various in different season, gender, age, and regions in Tongzhou District of Nantong City from 2010-2016. In the epidemic season of HFMD, patient-centered prevention and control measures should be implemented with children aged 0-5 years from the regions with more floating population. In order to effectively control the severe cases and clusters, it is necessary to strengthen etiological detection and epidemic monitoring report and improve the implementation of case isolation, environmental disinfection and vaccination.