2016年泸州市和自贡市职业性驾驶员的职业卫生服务需求现状

Status of occupational health needs of occupational drivers in Luzhou City and Zigong City in 2016

目的对泸州市和自贡市职业性驾驶员职业卫生服务需求现状及其影响因素进行调查,为改善职业性驾驶员职业卫生服务现状,减少职业性驾驶员职业卫生安全危害提供依据。方法以泸州市和自贡市职业性驾驶员为调查对象,采用现况调查方法对其职业卫生服务现状进行调查。结果职业性驾驶员对职业卫生服务的平均需求率为79.93%,其中职业健康检查的需求最高(92.98%),定期现场有害物质检测的需求率最低(72.36%)。职业性驾驶员对职业卫生需求率随工作强度程度的增强而增加(P<0.05),随工龄和月收入的增加而降低(P<0.05),公交车驾驶员职业卫生需求率高于长途客车驾驶员(P<0.05),了解职业病者高于不了解者(P<0.05)。二分类logistic回归分析结果,相对于月收入为≥4 000元组,OR3 500~3 999=2.37,95%CI3 500~3 999=1.15~4.86;OR0~3 499=2.46,95%CI0~3 499=1.18~5.16。相对于工作强度轻松组,OR一般=1.59,95%CI一般=1.12~2.26;OR繁重=2.10,95%CI繁重=1.11~3.96。相对于长途客车司机,OR公交车司机=2.42,95%CI公交车司机=1.04~5.64。结论职业性驾驶员对职业卫生服务需求较高,工作强度、月收入和工种是职业性驾驶员职业卫生服务需求的影响因素。

[Objective]To improve the current situation of occupational health service about occupational drivers and provide evidences for reducing risk of occupational health safety though an investigation about the present situation and influencing factors of occupational health needs among occupational drivers in Luzhou City and Zigong City.[Methods]The occupational drivers in Luzhou City and Zigong City were recruited in the study, and the cross-sectional investigation was used to research the current situation of occupational health services among this population.[Results]The average rate of demand on the occupational health services among occupational drivers was 79.93%, and the rate of demand on the occupational health examination was the highest（92.98%） while the rate of demand on the periodic on-site detection of harmful substances was the lowest（72.36%）. The rate of demand on the occupational health services among occupational drivers increased with the increase of the working strength（P〈0.05）, while decreased with the increase of the working age and monthly income（P〈0.05）. The rate of demand on the occupational health services among bus drivers was higher than that among the coach drivers（P〈0.05）, and that among the drivers who knew occupational disease knowledge was higher than that among the drivers who didi not know the knowledge（P〈0.05）. Binary logistic regression analysis results indicated as follows： compared with group of monthly income≥4 000, OR3500-3999=2.37,95%CI3 500-3 999=1.15-4.86; OR0-3 499=2.46, 95%CI0-3 499=1.18-5.16, compared with group of light working intensity, ORgeneral=1.59,95% CIgeneral=1.12-2.26;ORheavy=2.10,95% CIheavy=1.11-3.96, compared with group of coach drivers, ORbusdrivers=2.42,95% CIbusdrivers=1.04-5.64. [Conclusion] The occupational health needs among occupational drivers is high, and the working strength, monthly income and type of work are the influential factors of occupational health services demand of occupational drivers.