抗战初期延安对日机轰炸的预防——以《新中华报》的报道为视角

On the Precautions Adopted by Yan'an against Japanese Air Raids in the Early Days of the Anti-Japanese War——From the Perspective of the News Reports by the New China News

延安在日机轰炸前的预防措施,包括宣传对日防空的必要性与重要性,由专门的防空机构进行集中领导,发表防空、防毒的基本常识,延安各界共同成立防空协会。1938年11月20日、21日,日军对延安进行第一、第二次轰炸,由于轻敌松懈、经验不足等原因,导致遭受较大的人员和财产损失。1938年12月12日、14日的第三、第四次轰炸,由于此前的防空措施比较到位,房屋毁损较大,但无人员伤亡。许多宝贵的防空经验,为解放战争、中共建立自己的航空事业都具有重要的作用。

Some precautionary measures were taken by the Yan＇ an side to counter the Japanese air raids. A special air-raid defense agency was set up to take charge of the issue, publicizing the necessity and importance of air-raid precautions, releasing tips for air-raid and gas protection; an air defense association was organized by people from all walks of life. Due to inexperience and lack of precautions, the Yan＇ an side suffered great casualties and losses in the first two Japanese air raids on November 20 and 21 of 1938. Thanks to the sound casualties were reported in the third and fourth rounds of air raids on December 12 and 14 of 19 great damage to houses and buildings. The rich experience precautions, no 38, despite the in air-raid precautions later played an important role in the Liberation War as well as in establishing our own aviation industry.