英语谓语扩展式的功能语法研究

A Systemic Functional Study of the Expansion of English the Predicator

本文系统回顾了功能语法内谓语扩展式的相关研究,意在通过及物性和功能句法探讨,廓清该结构与动词词组复合体的归属范畴。在功能思想的研究基础上,本研究发现谓语扩展式可分为含情态意义和中心词为心理类形容词两类,首类"be"动词通过词项组合转变成表人际意义的功能词,及物性由承担"体"、"态"及事件意义明显的后者动词决定,句法结构表现为助动词、助动词延长成分;第二类中心形容词为主要动词延长成分,配合小句完成心理过程及物性选择。类谓语扩展式结构则包括含修饰性和评价性形容词两种情况,二者均为关系过程,扩展结构实际上是性质词组,非限定性内容用以配合或直接帮助完成中心词意义。以上四类均为非动词词组复合体的单过程小句。

This paper comprehensively reviews related studies of expansion of the Predicator in Systemic Functional Grammar.By the study of transitivity and functional syntax,it aims to examine the category between the structure and verbal group complex.Based on functional meaning? focused principle,the results indicate that there are two types in expansion of the Predicator: structure with modal meaning and psychological adjectives as the core.When the verb "be"changes into functional word with showing interpersonal meaning through lexical combination,transitivity will follow second verb which realizes "aspect","voice"and is characterized by the prominent and prototypical event.And the corresponding syntactic structures are Auxiliary Verb and Auxiliary Extension.Furthermore,the central adjective in second type is main verb extension,which offers to realize the selection of mental process.In fact,quasi-expansions of the Predicator,centering modified adjectives and evaluative adjectives,are relational process.The follow ing non-finite content is to cooperate or help completing meaning directly. In brief,all the four types are non-verbal-group complexes and single transitivity process.