微生物合成金属纳米材料及环境应用研究进展

Research Process of Biosynthesis of Metal Nanomaterials by Microorganisms and Their Environmental Applications

金属纳米材料因结合不同金属的特性以及纳米材料本身的优势而被备受关注,在环境领域应用日趋广泛。微生物合成法具有成本低、污染小、条件温和等优点。文章综述了微生物法合成不同类型金属纳米材料的研究进展,并总结了其在环境领域的应用状况。该法不仅能对废水中难回收的金属进行资源化利用,有效处理含重金属废水,其合成的金属纳米材料还可以用于环境污染物的去除与监测。最后展望了微生物合成金属纳米材料方面的发展趋势与其在环境领域的应用前景。

Metal nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention due to the combination of the properties of different metals as well as the advantages of nanomaterials. They have been widely used in the field of environmental protection. Biosynthesis of metal nanomaterials by microorganisms has special advantages of low costs and less pollution production, which are performed under mild condition. This study reviews the research process of different types of metal nanoparticles synthe- sized by microbes and summarizes their environmental applications. This biosynthesis can not only perform resource utilization of metals which is difficult to recover in wastewater, but also treat the corresponding wastewater effectively. The metal nanomaterials synthesized by this method can he applied in the removals and monitoring of environmental pollutants. Finally, this study prospects the further development trends of biosynthesis of metal nanomaterials by microorganisms and their future applications in the field of environmental protection.