广东省湛江市2015年人体重要寄生虫感染现状

Investigation and analysis on the status of human important parasitic infections in Zhanjiang city, Guangdong province in 2015

目的了解湛江市人体重要寄生虫感染状况及分布特征,为制定湛江市人体重要寄生虫病防治对策提供依据。方法按照2015年广东省人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则的要求,按多阶段抽样方法抽取湛江市4个县(市、区)6个调查点检查人体土源性线虫及华支睾吸虫感染情况。采用改良加藤涂片粪检蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫、华支睾吸虫等蠕虫卵,采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查儿童蛲虫感染情况。结果粪检1 514人,4种寄生虫卵总阳性率为6.93%,其中蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫、华支睾吸虫阳性率分别为1.91%、3.04%、1.85%、0.13%,前3种虫之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),钩虫最高。肛拭法检查3～9岁以下儿童219人,蛲虫感染率为15.52%。蛔虫、钩虫、蛲虫3种寄生虫农村人群感染率较高,城区很低,农村和城区之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组人群中,1～岁组蛔虫感染率最高,50～岁组钩虫感染率最高,40～岁组鞭虫感染率最高。不同职业人群中,学生蛔虫感染率最高,农民钩虫感染率最高,学生鞭虫感染率最高。结论湛江市农村人群蛔虫、钩虫感染率以及儿童蛲虫感染率较高,城镇和农村人群华支睾吸虫感染率均很低。

Objective To understand and analyze the infection status and distribution characteristics of human parasites in Zhanjiang city,and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures for human parasitic diseases in Zhanjiang city. Methods According to the requirements of the implementation rules for the investigation of the status of human key parasitic diseases in Guangdong province in 2015,six survey sites in four counties（cities,districts） of Zhanjiang city were selected according to the multi-stage sampling method to check the infection of human soil-derived nematodes and Clonorchis sinensis. Modified Kato smear was used to detect worm eggs such as aphids,hookworms,whipworms,and clonorchiasis. The transparent adhesive paper anal swab method were used to check the infection of children with mites. At the same time,the population carried out a publicity and education on the prevention and treatment of intestinal parasitic diseases and a questionnaire survey on the health knowledge and behavior of clonorchiasis was conducted. Results 1 514 manure samples were tested,and the total positive rate of 4 parasite eggs was 6.93%. The positive rates of aphids,hookworms,whipworms and Clonorchis sinensis were 1.91%,3.04%,1.85%,0.13%,respectively.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）and the hookworm was the highest. 219 children aged 3～9 years old were examined by anal swab method,and the aphid infection rate was 15.52%. The aphids,hookworms,and aphids had higher infection rates in rural areas,and those of the urban areas were very low. The differences in the infection rates between rural and urban areas were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Among the different age groups,the infection rate of aphids was the highest in the 1～ age group;the hookworm infection rate was the highest in the 50～ age group,and the whipworm infection rate was the highest in the 40～ age group. Among the different occupational groups,the infection rate of the aphids was the highest among students;the infection rate of the hookworm was the ighest among farmers,and the infection rate of the whipworm was the highest among students. Conclusions The infection rate of aphids and hookworms in rural areas of Zhanjiang city and the rate of aphid infection in children were high. The infection rates of Clonorchis sinensis in urban and rural populations were very low.