2017年广州市道路交通噪声监测与分析

MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE IN GUANGZHOU IN 2017

2017年12月期间,选取了广州市主城区98条道路及15栋噪声敏感建筑物,在昼间、夜间道路交通噪声排放峰值期间进行噪声监测实验,综合分析了2017年广州市道路交通噪声污染情况以及噪声频谱特性。道路监测点昼间平均等效声级为72.5 dB,夜间平均等效声级为72.4 dB;噪声敏感建筑物监测点昼间平均等效声级为67.5 dB,夜间平均等效声级为68.0 dB。分析监测实验中的噪声频谱数据,结果显示:各等级道路监测点的频谱能量贡献率曲线在1 000 Hz处达到峰值,用于声屏障设计的等效频率大多数都是800 Hz;噪声敏感建筑物前测点和后测点的等效声级平均相差9 dB,而且前、后测点噪声能量集中于不同的频段,1类、2类噪声敏感建筑物前测点的噪声能量主要集中在高频段,后测点的噪声能量主要集中在低频段,而3类噪声敏感建筑物受道路交通噪声和工业噪声影响,前测点的噪声能量集中频段比后测点的略低。

The daytime and nighttime traffic noise data were collected from 98 road monitoring points, and 15 noise-sensitive buildings during the period of traffic noise emission peaks in the main urban area of Guangzhou in December, 2017, which were used for analysis of traffic noise pollution and spectrum characteristics. For the road monitoring points, the daytime average equivalent sound level was 72.5 dB, and the nighttime average equivalent sound level was 72.4 dB. For the noise-sensitive buildings points, the daytime average equivalent sound level was 67.5 dB, and that of the nighttime was 68.0 dB. The noise frequency spectra from the monitoring data were analyzed, and the result showed that： for the road monitoring points, the peak of noise energy percentage curves located at 1 000 Hz, and most of equivalent frequencies that used for acoustic barrier design were 800 Hz; for the noise-sensitive buildings monitoring points, the average difference between the front and back measurement points was 9 dB, and the noise energies in the front and back measurement points were concentrated in different frequency ranges. In particular, the noise energy of 1-type and 2-type noise-sensitive buildings＇ front measurement points was concentrated in high frequency range, while the noise energy of back measurement points was concentrated in low frequency range. However, because of the effects of road traffic and industrial noise on 3-type noise-sensitive buildings, the frequency range of the front measurement points was lower than that of the back ones.