基于增材制造双金属比例交织结构的性能研究

Study on the performance of bimetal proportion interweaving structure based on additive manufacturing technology

确保奥氏体高氮钢的强度前提下,为了增加其韧性,采用奥氏体高氮钢和奥氏体不锈钢308L丝材,通过仿照贝壳等生物材料珍珠母层,使用等离子弧作为热源的增材制造方法,设计并制备初级仿生双金属交织结构。分析了该初级仿生结构的双金属不同成分比例对交织结构的强度和韧性的影响规律。结果表明：当高氮钢与不锈钢体积比为3∶1时,等离子弧增材制造技术制备的双金属交织初级仿生结构的抗拉强度与高氮钢相当,冲击吸收功提高了2.3倍。通过等离子弧的双金属交织结构增材制造技术研究,可证明仿生结构硬质材料和软质材料的体积比在3∶1时,获得的交织结构能够确保材料强度甚至提高材料强度,同时增加材料的冲击韧性,为今后仿生结构的研究提供一定的参考。

In order to increase the toughness of austenitic high-nitrogen steel,on the premise of ensuring its strength,austenitic high-nitrogen steel and austenitic stainless steel 308 L wires were used to prepare the primary bionic bimetal interweaving structure by imitating the mother-of-pearl layer of biological materials such as shells through additive manufacturing technology using plasma arc as a heat source. The results show that when the volume ratio of high nitrogen steel to stainless steel is 3∶1,the tensile strength of the bimetal interweaved primary bionic structure prepared by plasma arc additive manufacturing technology is equal to that of high nitrogen steel,and the impact absorption work is increased by 2.3 times. Through the study of plasma arc bimetal interweaving structure additive manufacturing technology,it is proved that when the volume ratio of hard material to soft material in bionic structure is 3∶1,the material strength is ensured and even improved with the obtained interweaving structure,and the impact toughness of the material is also increased,which provides certain reference for the future study of bionic structure.