深圳市在校中学生意外伤害现况及影响因素研究

Incidence and influencing factors of accidental injuries among middle school students in Shenzhen

目的:了解深圳市在校中学生意外伤害的发生率及其相关影响因素,为开展中学生意外伤害知识健康教育提供参考,为制定意外伤害的预防和干预措施提供依据。方法:对深圳市1 148名在校中学生,进行意外伤害的回顾性随机抽样调查。结果:在校中学生意外伤害的发生率为36. 3%,男生(39. 8%)高于女生(32. 1%)。父亲的教育水平与其子女意外伤害发生率之间存在显著统计学意义(P <0. 05),父母婚姻状况与子女的意外伤害相关。是否为独生子女、年级及年龄等与意外伤害的发生无关。意外伤害的最常见部位是上肢(40. 0%)及下肢(31. 8%),最常发生的地点是学校(34. 0%)、街道(18. 3%)和家庭(15. 4%),最常见原因是跌倒/扭伤(44. 5%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男生的总体受伤率明显高于女生(OR=1. 5),单亲家庭中学生发生意外伤害的风险高于双亲家庭中学生(OR=1. 6)。结论:深圳市在校中学生意外伤害中,男孩及单亲家庭中的发生率较高。这些影响意外伤害发生的重要因素应作为未成年人保护的重要公共安全和公共卫生议题,受到教育及卫生相关部门重视。

Objective To understand the current situation of unintentional injuries among middle school students in Shenz- hen. To provide references for earrying out health education on the knowledge of accidental injury in middle school students, and to provide basis for formulating prevention and intervention measures of accidental injury. Method A total of 1 148 middle school students were selected by randomized stratified cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics and unintentional injuries was collected through questionnaire survey. Results The total incidence rate of injury was 36. 3% and male students （ 39. 8% ） were higher than female students （32. 1% ）. There was a Father＇edueation level which was a significant correlation statistically with the incidence of child injury （P 〈 0. 05 ） , and their marital status was also related to their children＇ injuries. If only child or not, grade, and age were all not related to the occurrence of accident. The most eomnlon areas of accidental injury were upper limbs （40. 0% ） and lower limbs （31.8%）. Injuries occurred mainly at schools （34. 0% ） ,streets （ 18.3% ） and families （ 15.4% ）. The most common types of unintentional injuries were falling or tripping （44. 5 % ）. Logistic regression anal- ysis showed that in junior middle school students, the overall injury incidence of boys was significantly higher than that of girls （ OR = 1.5 ） , and the risk of accidental injury among single - parent families was higher than that of two - parent families （ OR = 1.6 ）. Conclusion The incidence rate of unintentional injuries among Chinese middle school boys students from single - parent families is higher. These injuries should be considered a public health issue for Shenzhen government and be included in the agenda of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health. The reported injury mechanisms and activities that constitute the risk of injury should have an impact on future interventions and awareness programs.