“赐姓”与“更姓”——与汉代宗室相关的姓氏变动现象解析

“Surname-Granting” and “Surname-Changing”: Analysis on the Phenomenon of Surname's Variation Related to Royal Clan in the Han Dynasty

在汉代,与宗室相关的姓氏变动主要体现在两个方面:一是皇帝利用皇权赐予臣民以皇家姓氏;二是宗室诸刘自愿或非自愿放弃皇家姓氏而改以他姓。但不论哪种情况,都应与皇权消长、宗室地位升降息息相关。对汉代与宗室相关的姓氏变动现象进行总结与分析,不仅会深化我们对汉代皇权的认识,而且还会在汉代社会变动的理解上开拓一个新的视角。

In the Han Dynasty, the change of surname related to the royal clan is mainly reflected in two aspects： on the one hand, the emperor bestowed Surname Liu upon people by imperial power; and on the other hand, the clan voluntary or involuntary waive Surname Liu and change other surname. But in either case, it should be closely related to growth and decline of the imperial power and promotion and demotion of the clan status. To summarize and analyze the variation of surname related to the royal clan in the Han Dynasty will not only deepen our understanding of imperial power in the Han Dynasty, but also open up a new perspective in understanding of social change in the Han Dynasty.