短期降水中氚和无机离子的变化研究

The Relationship of Tritium and Major Elements in Short Term Precipitation

在水文学系统中,氚已经被证明是一种非常理想的示踪元素来观测气团移动和污染物的传播。为了解释气溶胶中化学成分变化和气团起源之间的关系,本研究采用电解蒸发浓缩的前处理方法处理样品,应用液体闪烁计数仪测定水样中氚的含量。同时,研究了雨水中无机离子(Na^+,K^+,Mg^(2+),NH_4^+,SO_4^(2-),NO_3^-and Cl^-)的浓度变化和气团迁移的模式关系,并且采用后方留迹计算气团的迁移路线。结果表明,无机离子和氚的浓度变化都可以解释气团的迁移模式及起源。

Tritium （T） has been proven to be one of the most ideal tracer to characterize the movement of air mass and pollutant transport in hydrological systems. In order to clarify the behavior of low - level tritium and the relationship with inorganic calcium in the precipitation, the research employs the measuring method of tritium applying a distillation process and an electrolytic enrichment process. The activity of tritium （ T - concentration） in the precipitation thus obtained is measured by liquid scintillation counter. And, the study investigates the concentrations of ionic species （Na^＋,K^＋,Mg^2＋,NH4^＋,SO4^2-,NO3^-,and Cl^-） in the precipitation to associate with air mass transport patterns arriving at the place. Moreover, the backward trajectory is also used to interpret the road of the air mass.