日记式心理教育对孤独症患儿家长心理状态的影响

Influence of diary-based psychological education on psychological states of parents whose children with autism

目的观察日记式心理教育对孤独症患儿康复治疗期间家长心理状态的影响。方法 90例孤独症患儿的家长分为观察组和对照组,各45例。在孤独症患儿康复治疗期间,对照组采用常规心理教育,观察组在对照组基础上运用日记式心理教育。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评价患儿家长心理健康程度,采用焦虑(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价患儿家长焦虑、抑郁程度,评价2组患儿家长配合康复治疗的依从性。结果实施干预后1个月,观察组SCL-90评分各因子评分低于对照组(P <0. 05)。观察组SAS评分(40. 52±9. 08)分,低于对照组的(55. 46±11. 97)分,观察组SDS评分(42. 07±10. 14),低于对照组的(56. 98±12. 95)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。观察组对康复治疗的依从性高于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论在儿童孤独症康复治疗期间,以家长记录日记为主的心理教育可有效提高孤独症患儿家长心理素质,减轻患儿父母焦虑、抑郁情绪。

Objective To investigate the influence of diary-based psychological education on psychological states of parents whose children with autism. Methods A total of 90 parents whose children with autism were assigned to the observation group and the control group, with 45 cases in each group. During the rehabilitation treatment, parents in both two groups received rou- tine psychological education, and those in the observation group were given diary-based psychological education. The psychological state of parents was assessed by the Symptom Check-List-90 （SCL-90）. The anxiety and depression level of patents was assessed by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） respectively. The treatment compliance of parents to health education were assessed and compared between two groups. Results After one- month follow-up, parents in the observation group achieved lower score of SCL-90 compared with those in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with parents in the control group, parents in the observation group had lower scores of SAS and SDS （40.52 ± 9.08 vs. 55.46 ± 11.97, 42.07 ±10.14 vs. 56.98 ± 12.95, P 〈 0.05）. The treatment compliance of parents in the observation group were higher than those of parents in the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion In the re- habilitation treatment of child autism, the diary-based psychological education is effective to improve the psychological states of parents and relieve their anxiety and depression.