护生对老年照护工作选择偏好的研究

Research on nursing graduates' choice fondness for nursing the elderly

目的:了解即将毕业的护理学生对从事老年照护工作的选择偏好,为学校开展就业指导、用人单位吸引优秀人才及政府的政策制定提供项目依据。方法:利用离散选择实验进行调查问卷设计,抽取泉州某高职医学院校3个不同层次、3个专业方向共473名即将实习的护生调查,剔除59名不愿意从事老年照护职业对象,利用混合Logit回归,分析护生对老年照护工作的选择偏好。结果:调查纳入研究的7项工作属性中有3项对护生选择老年照护工作选择具有显著影响,最重要的工作属性是职业发展机会,要将毕业生从有职业发展机会的单位吸引到职业发展机会欠缺的单位需要多支付2 676元,其次重要的工作属性是子女教育条件、编制;提供编制和好的子女教育条件均可将护生从事老年照护工作的离职意愿由79%降至29%左右。结论:政策制定及相关机构可通过提供有编制、充足职业发展空间、好的子女教育条件等方法来弥补工资不足等问题,利用离散选择实验研究对高校如何培养老年照护人才及单位避免人才流失有一定意义。

Objective： To understand the nursing graduates′ choice fondness for nursing the elderly,and provide the project basis in the school formulating employment guidance,employers attracting outstanding talents and government formulating policy.Methods： The questionnaire was designed according to the discrete selection experiment,473 internship nurses from three different levels and three professional directions in a vocational medical college in Quanzhou were investigated.Fifty-nine students with unwilling engaging in the elderly care were excluded,and the mixed Logit regression was used to analyze the preference of nursing students for nursing the elderly.Results： Three of seven job attributes had important effect on the nursing graduates′ choice fondness for nursing the elderly,and the career development opportunity was the most important job attribute.The additional 2 676 yuan needed to be paid in attracting graduates for poor career development opportunity unit compared with good career development opportunity unit.The child education condition and establishment was the second important job attribute.Providing good educational condition and establishment could make the turnover intention of nursing students working in elderly care decreasing from 79% to 29%. Conclusions： Proving establishment,sufficient career development space and good child education condition can make up for the problem of insufficient wage.The discrete choice experiment has certain significance in studying college how to train elderly care talents and units how to avoid brain drain.