善恶何故:“真性”“禀性”与明清回儒的人性观

Why Good or Evil: “True Nature”,“Natural Disposition”and the Concept of Humanity in Ming and Qing Dynasties

关于人性善恶问题,古今中外的先贤见仁见智,各成一家。真性与禀性是明清回儒学者为阐述此问题提出的两个哲学概念,深受宋明儒学善恶论之"天地之性""气质之性"概念的影响。在回儒思想体系中,真性源自先天,乃人的本性,具有纯善无恶的特征;禀性是人之现实的自然属性,具有善恶两重性质,它是造成现实世界个体人性差异及其行善作恶的根本。"真性""禀性"学说是明清回儒会通中国传统思想文化的结果,表征着回族社会对中国传统文化的丰富和认同。

on the issue of good and evil of human nature, ancient and modem Chinese and foreign sages have different opinions from different perspectives. ＂Truth＂ and ＂natural disposition＂ are two philosophical concepts put forward by Hut Confucian scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties to expound this issue. They are deeply influenced by the concepts of ＂nature of heaven and earth＂ and ＂nature of temperament＂ in Confucian theory of good and evil in Song and Ming Dynasties. In the ideological system of Hut Confucianism, ＂authenticity＂ originates from innate nature, which is human nature, and has the characteristics of pure goodness and no evil. The doctrine of ＂authenticity＂ and ＂natural disposition＂ is the result of the Hut Confucianism in Ming and Qing Dynasties＇ communicating with Chinese traditional thought culture and Islamic philosophy, which indicates the Hut society＇ s enrichment and recognition of Chinese traditional culture.