晚清社会性别认同的新与旧——以静观子小说《六月霜》为例

The New and Old Gender Identity in the Late Qing Dynasty:The Example of Jing Guan Zi's Novel Frost in June

在西学东渐的时代背景下,女权思想进入中国。新的性别认同和两性伦理成为晚清社会的重要议题。静观子的《六月霜》用倒叙的笔法追溯了时代女性秋瑾谋求男女平权并被官府"误杀"的传奇人生。与大多数晚清知识分子相似,小说的作者在19世纪末国家救亡启蒙的语境下,对新女性独立自主的生活态度表示认同,但在时代局限、政治倾向和传统父权的合力作用下,晚清社会的性别认同不可避免地具有趋新与守旧并存的过渡期特色。

Under the background of Western learning spread to the East, feminism came into China. The new gender identity and Gender Ethics became important topics in the late Qing Dynasty. Jing Guanzi＇ s novel Frost in June traces back to the legendary life of Qiu Jin, a woman of the time, who sought equality between men and women and was ＂mistakenly killed＂ by the government. Similar to most of the intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty,the author holds an identity attitude towards the independent life of the new women in the context of national salvation enlightenment at the end of the century. However, due to the limitations of the times, political tendencies and the combination of traditional patriarchal power, the gender identity of the late Qing society inevitably has a transitional period of coexistence of novelty and conservatism.