测定病毒感染性的PMA-核酸检测法的研究进展

Advances in the nucleic acid detection method integrated with propidium monoazide to determine the viral infectivity

大量的分析方法可用于检测临床样品中的病毒，例如动物感染试验、细胞培养试验和聚合酶链式反应。核酸检测法有很高的敏感性和特异性，但是未能建立被检病毒基因组和病毒感染性间的关系。叠氮溴化丙锭（propidium monoazide，PMA）-核酸检测法可弥补此缺陷，从而测定病毒的感染性。本综述描述了PMA-核酸检测法的原理和步骤，分析了PMA-核酸检测法的优势和局限，讨论了病毒结构、灭活方式和实验条件对PMA-核酸检测法的影响，并总结了该方法的研究进展。

Currently, a number of analytical method, such as animal infection test, cell culture assay and polymerase chain reaction, are available for virus detection in clinical samples. The nucleic acid detection method has the highest sensitivity and specificity, but it was not established that the correlation between the detected viral genome and viral infectivity. The nucleic acid detection method integrated with propidium monoazide （PMA） can remedy this shortcoming to determine the viral infectivity. This review firstly describes the principle and procedure of the nucleic acid detection method integrated with PMA. It secondly analyzes the advantages and limitations of the nucleic acid detection method integrated with PMA. Finally, it discusses the influence of the viral structure, the inactivation mode and experimental conditions on the nucleic acid detection method integrated with PMA and summarise the progress of the method.