宁夏生乳主要质量指标检测及与奶业发达国家比较分析

The effect of pen size on the behavior of fattening pigs post mixed-group

为了研究宁夏地区生乳质量现状及与奶业发达国家的差异,试验对采自宁夏地区的242批生乳样品中的蛋白质、脂肪、体细胞数和菌落总数分别进行测定,并按季度对检测指标进行统计和分析,同时与国外生乳限量标准进行比较分析。结果表明：季度变化对宁夏地区生乳质量有一定的影响,生乳中蛋白质和脂肪含量一、四季度明显高于二、三季度;菌落总数第三季度明显高于其他季度;体细胞数总体表现平稳,均集中在10万～30万个/mL之间,但第三季度略高于其他三个季度;总体上一、四季度生乳质量优于二、三季度;与其他国家生乳限量标准比较,宁夏地区80%以上生乳的主要质量指标能达到欧美等发达国家标准,但蛋白质含量与奶业发达国家差距较大,有待改进。

In order to research the effect of pen size on the behavior of pigs post mixed-group,24 fattening pigs were selected in this experiment and were divided into groups A and B,with 3 replicates per group and 4 pigs per replicate,and two groups were raised in pen sizes of 1 700 mm×1 400 mm and 1 300 mm×1 400 mm respectively. High definition video cameras were used for continuously monitoring the behavior post mixed-group,including exploration,non-food fight,stand,run,and lying. The results showed that group B had very significant or significant difference in non-food fight or run behavior respectively 0.5 to 1 h post mixed-group(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Group B had significant or very significant difference in stand behavior than group A,1 to 2 h post mixed-group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while pigs in group A had significant or very significant difference in lying behavior than group B(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The reresults suggested that pen size could have an effect on the behavior of pigs post mixed-group,and breeding density should be adjusted reasonably in pig production in order to decrease pig fighting behavior post mixed-group and to reduce the stress post mixed-group,and to improve production performance and welfare level of pigs.