广西牛羊赤羽病血清流行病学调查及影响因素分析

The seroepidemiology survey and influencing factors analysis of goats andcattle akabane disease in Guangxi Province

为全面了解赤羽病在广西各地区牛和山羊中的流行和分布情况,试验采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对2014年、2015年采集自广西全境14个市的1 428份山羊血清和983份牛血清进行AKAV抗体检测,并对地理、气候因素与AKAV感染分布情况的关系进行探究。结果表明：广西山羊和牛的总AKAV抗体阳性率分别为36.48%和63.89%,且各地区间存在差异。其中山羊AKAV抗体阳性率以梧州市最高,牛AKAV抗体阳性率以贺州市最高,分别为62.50%和87.50%。广西境内牛和山羊感染AKAV的分布情况受到纬度、气温和降雨量等地理、气候因素的影响,较高纬度的桂北地区的抗体阳性率低于较低纬度的桂南地区;气温和降雨量较高的地区的AKAV抗体阳性率均高于气温和降雨量较低的地区。说明广西境内各地区牛和山羊中均存在AKAV隐性感染,应根据其影响因素合理进行防控。

In order to understand the prevalence and distribution of akabane disease in cattle and goats in Guangxi, serum samples of 1 428 goats and 983 cattle were collected from 14 cities of Guangxi Province in 2014,2015 for the detection of akabane virus（AKAV）antibodies by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. And the relationship between the geographic and climatic factors and the distribution of AKAV infection was also analyzed. The results showed that the positive rates of AKAV antibodies of goats and cattle were 36.48% and 63.89% respectively, and there was a significant difference between different regions in Guangxi. Wuzhou is the city which has the highest positive rates of AKAV antibodies（62.50%） in goats, and Hezhou is the city which has the highest positive rates of AKAV antibodies（87.50%）in cattle. The distribution of the territory of infected cattle and goats with AKAV in Guangxi was affected by latitude, temperature and rainfall these geographical and climate factors. Also, the antibody positive rate in relatively higher latitudes in north Guangxi area was lower than that of the lower latitude in southern Guangxi; antibody positive rate of the areas with high temperature and plentiful rainfalls were higher than those in the lower area. The results indicated that there was AKAV infection in cattle and goats in Guangxi Province, which should be controlled reasonably according to the influencing factors.