濒危植物华木莲在江西武夷山迁地保护的生长观测

The growth of endangered Sinomanglietia glauca by ex-situ conservation in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve

迁地保护是濒危植物保护的重要措施之一。为了解华木莲的生态适应性,2003年从江西农业大学迁地移栽1年生华木莲幼苗至江西武夷山不同海拔850 m(1号样地)、900 m(2号样地)、950 m(3号样地)、1 150 m(4号样地)生境,并观测其生长与开花过程。结果发现:(1)华木莲在1-4号样地的成活率分别为90%、90%、70%和60%;(2)各样地2～3年生幼苗株高、地径和侧枝数差异不明显,但4～6年生幼树生长速度不同,4号样地的6年生幼苗高度、地径显著高于1-3号样地;(3)1-3号样地植株每年展叶期较早于4号样地3～7 d,且2号样地华木莲已开花,始花年龄为16 a。这表明江西武夷山可作为珍稀植物华木莲的迁地保护地,但华木莲在不同海拔生境下的生长状况和物候存在一定差异。

Ex-situ conservation is an important measure for the protection of endangered plants. To fully understand the ecologicaladaptability of Sinomanglietia glauca, four plots were established at habits with different elevations of 850 m （plot 1）, 900 m （plot 2）and 950 m （plot 3）, 1 150 m （plot 4） in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Natural Reserve. Ten newborn seedlings from Botanic Garden ofJiangxi Agricultural University were transplanted to each plot. The results showed that： （1） the survival rate of S. glauca seedlingwere 90%, 90%, 70% and 60% from plot 1 to plot 4, respectively. （2） The height, ground diameter, and lateral branches of two-ageand three-age saplings were not significant different among four plots, but not for those of four-age to six-age saplings. The heightand ground diameter of six-age saplings in the plot 4 were significant higher than those in plot 1 to plot 3. （3） The sprout leavesperiod of S. glauca in plot 1 to plot 3 was earlier than plot 4. Further, in plot 2 three sampling trees have bloomed, with the firstflowering age of 16 a. These results showed that Jiangxi Wuyishan can been proposed as one of protection area for endangered S.glauca, and the growth and phenology of this species changes with elevation in this area.