土地整合探索与农村土地整治反思——以广东省清远市为例

Exploration on Land Exchange and Integration in Qingyuan and Rethinking of Rural Land Consolidation

基于对一些地方农民自发交换合并土地探索的总结和提升,广东省清远市近年在全市以村民自治方式引导农民自主推进土地整合,不仅便利了农村土地确权登记颁证、治理了承包土地细碎化问题,而且改善了农村生产生活条件、激发了农村发展内生动力,提高了农业生产综合效益。与之形成对照的是,近年来,各级政府大力推进农村土地整治,虽然在增加农村公共品供给方面发挥了重要作用,但也存在主体地位缺失、权属调整不力等重大缺憾,影响了农村土地整治功效的正常发挥。当前,持续推进农村土地整治,需要借鉴清远市推进土地整合采取的一些经验和做法,如赋予农民真正的主体地位,扎实开展土地权属调整,统筹使用财政涉农资金和相关社会资本,以及专业部门做好业务指导等。

After summarizing and upgrading some peasants＇ initiative exploration on exchanging and integrating land,Qingyuan City of Guangdong Province guided peasants autonomously to carry forward land exchange and integration through villager self-government in recent years,which not only made things convenient for the rural land ownership registration certification and conquered the problem of contract land fragmentation,but also added the supply of rural public goods,inspired endogenous stimulus of rural development,and improved the comprehensive benefits of agricultural production.Since China＇s Rural Tax and Fee Reform,governments at all levels have vigorously promoted rural land consolidation,which have played an important role in adding the supply of rural public goods.However,some shortcomings exist in rural land consolidation such as the deficiency of dominant role,failing in land tenure readjustment,and etc,which affected the normal functioning of rural land consolidation.Currently,to continue to promote rural land consolidation needs referring to some effective practice of land exchange and integration in Qingyuan City,such as endowing peasants with real dominant role,solidly carrying on land tenure readjustment,overall using fiscal agricultural funds and related social capital,and related department providing operation guidance.