2016—2017年莘县蚊虫监测分析

Mosquito monitoring in Shenxian from 2016 to 2017

目的了解莘县蚊虫密度和季节消长规律,为评估蚊媒传播疾病的风险和科学防控蚊媒生物提供依据。方法收集整理2016—2017年莘县蚊虫监测数据,分析蚊虫构成比,比较不同种类、不同生境蚊虫密度差异以及季节消长规律。结果 2016—2017年共捕获雌蚊15 361只,平均密度为24只/(灯·夜),以淡色/致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获总数的58. 78%。蚊媒生物密度在牲畜棚处密度最大,2016年与2017年密度分别为59. 16、57. 42只/(灯·夜);农户次之,2016年与2017年密度分别为36. 88、34. 34只/(灯·夜);蚊媒生物在医院密度最小,2016年与2017年密度分别为2. 81、2. 67只/(灯·夜)。蚊虫每年5月开始活动,在7月达到顶峰,密度分别为2016年39. 20只/(灯·夜)、2017年73. 20只/(灯·夜)),11月基本不活动。结论基本掌握了莘县蚊虫的种群构成、生境分布以及季节消长规律,其中淡色/致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,莘县要加强牲畜棚和农户的蚊媒防治。

Objective To understand the mosquito density and seasonal fluctuation in Shenxian and provide evidence for evaluating the risk of mosquito-borne diseases and scientific prevention and control of mosquito vectors.Methods Mosquito monitoring data in 2016 and 2017 in Shenxian were collected and analyzed. The mosquito density,population structure and seasonal fluctuation were analyzed. Results A total of 15 361 female mosquitoes were collected from 2016 to 2017 with an average density of 24 insects/（ light · night）. The dominant species was Culex pipiens pallens/Culex quinquefasciatus,accounting for 58. 78% of the total number captured. The highest mosquito density was in the livestock shed. The density in 2016 and 2017 were 59. 16 and 57. 42 insects/（ light ·night） respectively. The farmers had the second,the density in 2016 and 2017 were 36. 88 insects/（ light · night）and 34. 34 insects/（ light · night） respectively. The lowest mosquito density was in hospitals. The density in 2016 and 2017 were 2. 81 and 2. 67 insects/（ light · night） respectively. Mosquitoes began to be active in May each year and reach their peak in July [39. 20 insects/（ light · night） in 2016,73. 20 insects/（ light · night） in 2017],and they were basically inactive in November. Conclusion The population structure,habitat distribution and seasonal fluctuation pattern of mosquitoes in Shenxian are basically mastered. Among them,the most common mosquito species are Culex pipiens pallens and Culex quinquefasciatus,and mosquito control in livestock shed and farmer households should be strengthened.