2013-2017年京津冀区域PM2.5浓度变化特征

Characteristics of PM_(2.5) Concentration in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 2013 to 2017

利用2013—2017年京津冀区域13个城市PM_(2.5)监测数据,综合探讨了该区域PM_(2.5)浓度的时空变化特征。结果表明:京津冀区域PM_(2.5)污染整体较重,但治理成效显著,2013—2017年区域PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度分别为106、93、77、71、64μg/m^3,完成《大气污染防治行动计划》PM_(2.5)浓度下降25%左右的目标;13个城市PM_(2.5)浓度各百分位数总体呈现下降趋势,且随百分位数增大而下降速率加大,PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度平均每年下降10.6μg/m^3,污染严重的太行山沿线城市邢台、石家庄、邯郸3个城市平均每年分别下降20.3、16.1、13.9μg/m^3;京津冀区域PM_(2.5)重度污染天数比例分别为19.9%、16.6%、9.5%、9.0%、7.0%,呈下降趋势。2013—2017年京津冀区域PM_(2.5)平均质量浓度与非重度污染天相比升高19μg/m^3,PM_(2.5)重度污染天平均质量浓度较非重度污染天时高244.4%。

Based on the PM2.5 monitoring data from 13 cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2013-2017,comprehensive analysis on temporal and spatial characteristics and variation trend of PM2.5 concentration were carried out. Results showed that there was a relatively high PM2.5 pollution in this region but remarkable success in pollution control was achieved. The regional annual mean PM2.5 concentration from 2013 to 2017 was 106,93,77,71 and 64 μg/m^3,which means that we had completed the goal of reducing PM2.5 concentration by 25%. The overall decline trends were shown in the regional daily mean concentration of every decile,with greater drops for higher decile. The annual mean PM2.5 concentration reduced about 10.6 μg/m^3every year,and Xingtai,Shijiazhuang and Handan that are the serious pollution cities along Taihang Mountain annually decreased about 20.3, 16.1 and 13.9 μg/m^3, respectively. Ratio of heavily PM2.5 polluted days in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was 19.9%, 16.6%, 9.5%, 9.0% and 7.0%, which showed a decline trend. The average PM2.5 concentration during the past 5 years increased by 19 μg/m^3 when heavily polluted days were included, and the PM2.5 concentration in severe polluted days was 244.4% higher than that of non PM2.5 heavy polluted days.