随迁老人社会融入的社会工作介入路径

Social Work Intervention Path for the Social Inclusion of the Elderly Migrants

随迁老人离开农村进入城市之后必然要经历社会融入的过程。采用定性研究方法,选取苏州市J社区23位随迁老人展开半结构式访谈,从经济参与、文化接纳、社会适应及心理整合四个维度对随迁老人的社会融入状况进行分析。研究发现,随迁老人在社会融入过程中存在着文化接纳能力较弱、社会支持网络匮乏、自我效能感较低等问题。面对随迁老人社会融入的结构性困境,建议着力培育随迁老人的个人社会资本,巩固家庭支持的基础地位,努力营造友好信任的社区氛围,构建互助支持的关系网络,创新文化习得方式,构建本土化社区组织规范,呼吁加快社区组织培育,打造持续社区参与平台。

The elderly who move from the countryside to cities to live with their children will experience theprocess of social inclusion. The present study adopts the qualitative research method to conduct a semi-structured interview with 23 elderly immigrants in Community J of Suzhou. We examine the social inclusion ofthe elderly migrants from four dimensions： economic participation, cultural acquisition, social adaptation andpsychological integration. We find that the elderly migrants are weak in terms of cultural acquisition, attainmentof social network and self-efficacy. Confronted with the structural dilemma in the social inclusion of the elderlymigrants, we propose the following suggestions based on the theory of social capital. First of all, we shouldmake effort to cultivate their personal social capital and consolidate the foundation status of family support.Second, we need to create an atmosphere of trust and build a mutual supportive relationship network incommunities. Third, we try to innovate the way of culture acquisition and establish the standards of localcommunity organization. Last but not least, we need to call for the cultivation of community organizations andbuild a platform for continuous community participation for the residents.