公安机关人民警察管理制度改革初探

Preliminary Study on the People's Police Management System in Public Security Organs

全面深化公安改革,事关国家长治久安、事关广大人民群众切身利益、事关国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,对于建设平安中国、法治中国具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。公安机关人民警察管理制度包含的内容比较广泛,为解决公安机关面临的突出问题,应重点研究公安机关体制改革和人民警察相关的管理制度,目的主要是改革目前公安机关统一实行的"条块结合、以块为主"的管理体制,明确警务活动中的纵向事权划分,实行分权制衡;明确公安工作的横向事权划分,按照不同工作性质,实行分类管理(刑事司法警察和治安管理警察);明确公安机关在国家权力体系中的位阶,按照精简高效的原则,统一公安机关的机构设置;合理确定警察编制,优化警力分布;合理确定警察待遇,从优待警,确保警察战斗力;加强警务监督,确保警务公开,廉洁高效。

Deepening the reform of public security in an all-round way was a direct bearing on the long-term stability of the country, the vital interests of the people, and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. This move is also of far-reaching practical and historical significance to China＇ s effort to build a nation of peace and rule of law. The management system of the people＇ s police in public security organs encompasses a wide range of contents. In order to solve the outstanding problems facing the public security organs, research emphasis should be laid upon deepening the reform of China＇ s public security system and the people＇ s police management system. The main purpose is to reform the existing management system uniformly adopted by Chinese public security authorities, which feature the integration of departments and regions at different levels. This refornl is intended to define the division of vertical administrative power in policing activities so as to exercise the separation of powers and checks and balances as well as define the division of horizontal administrative power in the discharge of public security duties so as to canT out classified management according to the nature of different work and duties （criminal justice police and public security police）. Deepening the reform also entails clarifying the hierarchical status of public security organs in the entire system of state power and unifying the institutional setting of public security organs in accordance with the principle of simplification and efficiency. Meanwhile, efforts must be made to rationalize the establishment of the police force and optimize its distribution. In order to enhance the combat effectiveness of the police force, the provision of basic welfare, preferential treatment, amongst other benefits should be institutionalized. Moreover, it is also necessary to enhance the supervision of the police force in order to ensure transparency, honesty and efficiency in discharging tbeir duties.