环境规制政策下创新驱动中国工业绿色全要素生产率研究

Innovation-driven Chinese industrial green total factor productivity under environmental regulation

创新驱动工业绿色发展已成为中国迈向工业强国的必由之路。采用2000—2015年中国30个省域工业面板数据,利用扩展的CDM模型分析工业行业在回应环境规制时的创新行为差异,以及不同创新行为对工业创新绩效的影响。结果发现:(1)在不考虑环境规制的情况下,研发强度对实质性创新和策略性创新均具有显著的促进作用,但在考虑环境规制的情况下,研发强度仅对策略性创新具有显著的促进作用。(2)实质性创新对全要素生产率(TFP)和绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)具有显著的促进作用,但是,策略性创新对TFP和GTFP的影响并不显著,表明发明专利创新才是促进工业绿色增长的驱动因素。(3)分区域来看,中、西部地区工业存在以"小发明""小创造"回应政府环境规制的策略性创新行为。从创新绩效来看,实质性创新能够促进三大地区的TFP和东、中部地区的GTFP,但是策略性创新只对西部地区的GTFP具有促进作用。最后,提出了有针对性的政策建议。

Innovation-driven industrial green development has become the only way for China to become an industrial power. This paper employs the extended CDM model to analyze the differences in innovation behaviors of industrial enterprises in response to environmental regulation and the impact of different innovations on industrial innovation performance,using the industrial panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2015. The results are as follows. First,without considering the effects of environmental regulation,the RD intensity has a significant role in promoting substantive and strategic innovation.However,it only plays a significant role in promoting strategic innovation considering environmental regulation. Second,substantive innovation has a significant role in promoting TFP and GTFP. However,the impact of strategic innovation on TFP and GTFP is not significant,indicating that invention patent innovation is the driving factor for promoting industrial green development. Third,in terms of sub-regions,there are strategic innovations in the industrial areas of the central and western regions that respond to government environmental regulations with ＂little inventions ＂ and ＂small creations ＂. From the perspective of innovation performance,substantial innovation can promote TFP in the three regions and GTFP in the eastern and central regions,but strategic innovation can only promote GTFP in the western region. Finally, targeted policy suggestions are proposed.