某医院艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗中的不良反应分析

Analysis of ADR Induced by Anti-virus Drug during Therapy in AIDS Patients in A Hospital

目的探讨抗艾滋病病毒药物所致不良反应(ADR)的发生特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法回顾性分析2013年1月～2017年12月某院抗艾滋病病毒药物ADR发生情况,从性别、年龄、涉及药品、发生时间、累及器官/系统、关联性及转归等方面对125例ADR进行统计分析。结果 125例ADR病例中,男女比例为6.8∶1; 21～40岁患者居多(54.4%); ADR多发生在用药后30 d内(79.2%); ADR累及器官/系统主要为皮肤及其附件损害(56.9%); ADR关联性为"很可能"有82例,比例高达65.6%,出现ADR并给予停药或相应处理后26例(20.8%)患者痊愈,92例(73.6%)患者症状有所好转。结论医护人员应掌握抗艾滋病病毒药物致ADR的发生规律及特点,加强合理用药管理及临床用药监护,以保障临床用药的有效性及安全性。

OBJECTIVE To explore the feature and regularity of ADR induced by anti-virus drug in AIDS patients,and to provide reference for rational use of these drugs in clinical practice. METHODS A total of 125 cases of ADR occurred in our hospital from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Factors including patients＇ gender and age,drugs involved,occurrence time,organs and systems involved,association and prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS Among 125 cases,the ratio of male to female was6.8 ∶1,while 54.4% of 125 cases occurred in the 21-40 years old,and mainly occurred within 30 days after medication（ 79. 2%）.Organs/systems involved in ADR were mainly lesion of skin and its appendant（ 56. 9%）. In aspect of ADR association,82 were probable（65.6%）. After suffering from ADR,26 patients（20.8%） were cured after drug withdrawal or corresponding treatment,and 92 patients（73.6%） were recovered. CONCLUSION Medical staff should master the regularity and characteristics of ADR induced by anti-virus drug to ensure the effectiveness and safety of clinical drug use.