林译《钟乳髑髅》中少年英气话语的修辞建构

Rhetorical Construction of Juvenile Valour Discourse in Lin's Translated King Solomon's Mines

英国小说家哈葛德的成名作King Solomon’s Mines于1908年经林纾译介到晚清中国,题为《钟乳髑髅》,其勇猛精进的主题对晚清少年的精神建构作用重大。依照广义修辞学"话语建构—文本建构—人的精神建构"的阐释路径,从修辞关键词"少年"与"勇"入手,对勘原著与译本,结合晚清特殊的历史语境,挖掘林纾建构少年英气话语的修辞策略,最后从晚清历史语境和译者的主体性两个方面,探讨这些修辞策略的文化成因,即少年在晚清突然一跃成为进步革命话语中心,成为国家形象转喻。

The famous novel King Solomon＇s Mines written by the British novelist Haggard was introduced by Lin Shu to the late Qing Dynasty in 1908,its themes of valour and vigour exerting a great influence on the construction of youths＇ spirit then. Within the theoretical framework of ＂discourse construction-textual construction-construction of subject consciousness＂proposed by the Theory of Rhetoric in the Broad Sense,this thesis conducts a close reading of the original text and the translated text,analyzes the rhetorical key words of ＂youth＂and ＂bravery＂,explores the rhetorical devices employed by Lin Shu to construct juvenile valour discourse within the specific historical context of the Late Qing Dynasty,and finally expounds from such aspects as the historical context and the translator＇s subjectivity the cultural factors,the most important of which is that youths have suddenly become the center of revolution discourse and thus a metonymy of national image.