不同人群对生物样本库的认知状况及捐赠意愿调查

Cross-sectional survey of cognitive status and attitude of different population about biobankingdonation

目的了解医护人员、住院患者及健康体检人员对生物样本库的认知状况和捐赠意愿。方法以2017年7-9月北京市某医院医护人员、住院患者及健康体检人员共452人为调查对象，进行横断面的问卷调查。调查内容包括人口统计学信息、生物样本库认知状况及捐献意愿。数据采用卡方检验、t检验或方差分析，采用多元线性回归或logistic回归方法进行认知和捐献意愿的多因素分析。结果回收有效问卷440份，其中医护人员196人，住院患者123例，体检人员121人。医护人员、住院患者和体检人员的认知，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；多因素分析发现，人群特点和参与过医学研究是认知的独立影响因素，医护人员及参与过医学研究的人群认知得分较高。愿意捐赠比例中，医护人员为83．7％，体检人员为76．9％，住院患者为70．7％。单因素分析显示人群特点、受教育程度、健康状况、献血史及参与过医学研究，与捐赠意愿有关（P〈0．05）；多因素分析提示人群特点和健康状况是捐赠意愿的独立影响因素。结论患者和体检人员对生物样本库的认知程度较低；所有调查对象对生物样本库均有较强的捐赠意愿。应重视以医院为主体的宣教途径，加大社会宣传力度．促进以医院为主体建设的牛物样本库的健康发展．

Objective To understand the cognition and attitude of patients, medical staff and medical examination people on biobanks and their willingness to donation. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 452 individuals, including patients, medical staff and people receiving health checkup at a hospital in Beijing from July to September, 2017. The questionnaire assessed the respondents＇ demographic data, general knowledge about biobanking and the factors influencing their willingness to donate specimens to biobanks. Pearson＇s Chi-square test, student t test or ANOVA were used for univariate analysis. Additionally, the linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for multivariate analyses. Results A total of 452 questionnaires were delivered, and the effective questionnaires amounted to 440, including 196 medical staff, 123 patients and 121 health checkup individuals. The awareness score of biobanks was significantly different among the medical staff, patients and health checkup individuals （P 〈 0. 05 ）. After adjustment for potential risk factors, we found that the population characteristics and the experience of participation in a medical research were the independent beneficial factors of the awareness score. The percentage of the willingness of donation in medical staff, health checkup individuals and patients were 83.7% , 76. 9% and 70. 7% , respectively. The results of univariate analyses suggested that the population characteristics, education level, health conditions, the history of blood donation, and the experience of participation in a medical research were significantly associated with the willingness to donate （ all P 〈 O. 05 ）. Population characteristics and health conditions were independently relevant to the willingness of donation, after multivariate analyses of logistic regression. Conclusions Despite the strong willingness to donate biospecimens, patients and health checkup individuals lack knowledge of biobanking. It is apparent that we need to strengthen promotions and to encourage the ethics and humanities to improve the knowledge of biosample donation, for healthy development of hospital-based biobanks.