广东省1例输血性恶性疟病例的实验室检测和溯源调查

Laboratory testing and traceability analysis of a case of transfusion-transmitted falciparum malaria in Guangdong Province

2017年10月,广东省疾病预防控制中心报告了1例无流行病学史、近期有输血史的恶性疟病例。收集患者的临床资料,并开展流行病学溯源调查,采集患者和供血者血样进行疟疾快速试验(RDT检测)、血涂片镜检和巢式PCR检测,并对阳性血样进行分子溯源和裂殖子表面蛋白基因分型。结果表明,患者与其中1位供血者在RDT检测和PCR检测中,均为恶性疟原虫阳性。两者血样核糖体小亚基(SSU) rRNA基因序列同源性为100%,且均为恶性疟原虫K1型,确定该患者的恶性疟确因输入该供血者的血液而感染。

A clinical case of falciparum malaria with no history of travel but a recent history of blood transfusion, was reported by Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in October 2017.We collected clinical data of the patient and carried out an epidemiological traceability survey.Blood samples were collected from the patient and 20 blood donors for malaria rapid diagnostic tests（RDT）, microscopic observation of blood smears, and nested PCR.The positive specimens were traced using molecular methods and genotyped.Results of RDT and PCR tests revealed the occurrence of falciparum malaria in the patient and a donor.Their blood samples showed a 100% homology in SSU rRNA sequence, and both were infected with K1 genotype of Plasmodium falciparum.This patient was thus confirmed with Plasmodium falciparum infection via blood transfusion from a donor.