2017年保山市疟疾流行病学特征分析

Malaria epidemiological characteristic in Baoshan City in 2017

分析2017年保山市疟疾疫情特征,为有效实施疟疾消除策略提供科学依据。收集2017年保山市疟疾疫情数据资料,采用SPSS20.0软件对不同地区、性别、年龄、职业、月份、感染国来源和就诊时间进行分析。结果显示, 2017年保山市共有54例疟疾病例,均为境外输入性病例,其中53例为间日疟, 1例为恶性疟。地区分布中,腾冲市的输入性疟疾病例数最多,有35例(占64.8%),其他依次为隆阳区(9例,占16.6%)、龙陵县(8例,占14.8%)、施甸县(1例,占1.8%)和昌宁县(1例,占1.8%)。性别分布中,病例以男性为主,占74.1%(40/54),女性占25.9%(14/54)。年龄分布中,病例年龄最小的是4岁,最大的是52岁,其中40～44岁人群病例数最多,有13例(占24.1%),其次是35～39岁人群,有10例(占18.5%)。职业分布中,病例以农民为主(占77.8%, 42/54),其他依次为民工(占14.8%, 8/54)、学生(占3.7%, 2/54)、散居儿童(占1.9%, 1/54)和驾驶员(占1.9%, 1/54)。月份分布中,输入性疟疾病例数的高峰期出现在2月,有12例(占22.2%)。全年除12月无疟疾病例出现外,剩余月份均有输入性病例。54例输入性疟疾病例的主要输入国为缅甸、老挝、几内亚共和国,分别为46例(占85.2%)、 7例(占13.0%)、 1例(占1.9%)。病例就诊时间最短的是当天,共4例(占7.4%),最长的是第22天,有1例(占1.8%)。其中,第3天和第4天就诊的病例数较多,均有10例(各占18.5%)。腾冲市、男性、 40～44岁人群、农民是应作为保山市今后防控疟疾工作的重点对象。

This paper analzyed the characteristics of malaria cases in Baoshan in 2017.Data of malaria situation in Baoshan in 2017 were collected, and analyzed by regions, sex, age, occupation, months, countries of infection source, and hospital visit time using SPSS 20.0 software.Results showed that there were 54 cases of malaria reported in 2017 in Baoshan, and all imported from other countries, consisting of 53 cases of tertian malaria and 1 falciparum malaria.Among regions, Tengchong ranked top in the number of imported cases（35, 64.8%）, fol-lowed by Longyang County（9, 16.6%）, Longling County（8, 14.8%）, Shidian County（1, 1.8%） and Changning County（1, 1.8%）.Most of the cases were males（74.1%, 40/54）.The ages ranged 4-52 years, mostly concentrated between 40-44（13, 24.1%）, then between 35-39（10, 18.5%）.Most of the cases were farmers（77.8%, 42/54）,then labor workers（14.8%,8/54）, students（3.7%, 2/54）, children（1.9%, 1/54） and drivers（1.9%, 1/54）.The number of cases peaked in February（12, 22.2%）, with other months having distributions of cases except December.The country sources of imported cases were Myanmar（46, 85.2%）, Laos（7, 13.0%）, and Republic of Guinea（1,1.9%）.The shortest interval from onset to hospital visit was 0 day（4, 7.4%）, and the longest was 22 days（1,1.8%）.More cases visited hospitals on days 3 and 4（10, 18.5% for each day）.These results suggested that the monitoring and management of imported malaria should be strengthened on males, 40-44 age population, and farmers in Tengchong city.