沟谷区域浅埋煤层采动矿压发生机理及控制研究

Study on occurrence mechanism and control technology of mining-induced strata pressure in shallow depth coal seams of valley region

为了分析沟谷区域浅埋煤层开采井上下地质灾害发生机理及其相互作用,基于串草圪旦煤矿沟谷区域浅埋煤层开采条件,采用现场实测、三维地质建模、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的研究方法,研究了沟谷地形下煤岩层原岩应力分布特征以及煤层开采引起的覆岩应力场、位移场和破坏场的分布规律。研究结果表明:沟谷区域浅埋煤层开采煤岩层原岩应力分布受地表沟谷地形的影响,且随着深度的增加,地表沟谷的影响作用减弱;浅埋煤层工作面过沟谷区域开采可分为上坡开采阶段、坡顶开采阶段和下坡开采阶段,过沟谷区域上坡开采阶段,工作面易发生动载矿压事故,且易诱发地表滑坡、塌陷等地质灾害,并提出了相应的预防性控制措施。

In order to analyze the geological disaster occurrence mechanism and the interactions of the shallow depth seam mining at the surface mine and underground mine in a valley region,based on the shallow depth seam mining condition in a valley region of Chuancao Gedan Mine,a site measurement,3D geological modeling,numerical simulation and theoretical analysis combined study method was applied to study the in-situ rock stress distribution features of the coal and rock strata under the valley terrain as well as the stress field of the overburden strata caused by the seam mining,the displacement field and the failure field distribution law. The study result showed that the in-situ rock stress distribution of the mining coal and rock strata in the shallow depth seam under the valley region was affected by the surface valley terrain. Also with the depth increased,the influence role of the surface valley would be decreased. The coal mining operation of the coal mining face in the shallow depth seam passed through the valley region could be divided to an upward mining stage,slope top mining stage and the downward mining stage. During the upward mining stage passed through the above valley area,a dynamic mine pressure bump accident would be occurred in the coal mining face and a ground landslide,subsidence and other geological disaster would be induced. Based on the control of the geological disasters occurred in the underground mine or at the mine surface ground during the shallow depth seam mining under the valley region,the relevant prevention and control technology was provided.