高密度都市区绿地系统规划的构成及特征研究:以东京都23区为例

Composition and Characteristics of the Green Space Basic Planning in High Density Urbanized Area: Taking Tokyo 23 Special Wards as an Example

高密度都市区内人口密度大,土地价值高,生态保护与城市建设之间的矛盾较为突出。日本东京都下辖的23个特别区是全球最主要的高密度都市区之一。本文首先简要回顾了日本绿地系统规划制度的确立历程;其次针对东京都23区"绿地基本规划"展开研究,从规划编制及规划实施两个方面分析了其构成及主要内容;最后,总结并讨论了23区绿地基本规划具备的全球视野、本地实践,嵌入绿色基础设施理念,多渠道高密度都市区的规划响应,以及较完善的进程管理及公众参与制度等四项特征。以期借鉴东京的经验,对我国城市绿地系统规划,尤其是城市建成区及分区范围内的规划编制及实施提供启示及参考。

High density urbanized area is featured with high population density and land values, the conflicts between environmental protection and urban development in this area are prominent. The 23 special wards of Tokyo is one of the most typical high density urbanized areas around the world. Based on a brief review of the establishment process of green space planning system in Japan, this study analyzes composition and main contents of Green Space Basic Planning of Tokyo 23 special wards from the aspects of planning formulation and implementation. Four characteristics, including thinking globally, acting locally; green infrastructure concept integration; multiple planning responses to high density urbanized area; and systematic process management and public participation framework are summarized and discussed. This study aims to provide inspirations and experiences for urban green space system planning at the scale of high density built-up areas in China.