2015-2018年内蒙古自治区流行性感冒监测结果分析

Analysis of influenza surveillance data in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 2018

目的分析内蒙古自治区2015—2018年流行性感冒监测结果，了解流感流行的特征。方法收集内蒙古自治区2015-2018年19家哨点医院报告的流感样病例（ influenza likeillness, ILI ），共计219100例；同期门急诊就诊病例共计9484639例。ILI和病原学监测数据均源自“中国流感监测信息系统”。分析不同时间、地区、年龄组流感流行情况。结果内蒙古自治区2015-2018年ILI占同期门急诊就诊病例百分比（ percentage of influenza like illness, ILI% ）为2．31％；2015—2018年各年度ILI％分别为2．42％、2．00％和2．50％，差异有统计学意义（χ2=2048．79，P〈0．01）。2015—2018年ILI％冬春季明显升高，高峰出现在11月至次年3月之间，平均ILI％为2．75％。ILI构成比居前2位的是0-4岁组和5-14岁组。西部地区ILI％最高，为4．68％。共检测ILI咽拭子标本33695份，病毒核酸阳性标本4625份，阳性率为13．73％；阳性标本中病毒型别B型1845份（39．89％）、A（H3N2）1509份（32．63％）、A（H1N1）09pdm1252份（27．07％）、混合型19份（0．41％）。结论内蒙古自治区流感流行高峰出现在冬春季，ILI以15岁以下少儿为主，西部地区高发，各年度流感病毒优势株型别不同。

Objective To explore the epidemiological feature of influenza by analyzing influenza surveillance data in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 2018. Methods The data of influenza-like illness （ILI） and etiological surveillance of influenza in Inner Mongolia between 2015 and 2018 were collected from the Chinese information system for influenza surveillance. A total of 219 100 ILl and 9 484 639 outpatients were reported via 19 influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Inner Mongolia during this period. The epidemic situation of influenza in different time, region and age groups were analyzed. Results The registration percentage of influenza-like illness in outpatients （ILI%） was 2.31% from 2015 to 2018. The annual proportion of ILl cases was 2.42%, 2.00% and 2.50% respectively, with statistical difference （χ2=2048.79, P〈0.01）. From 2015 to 2018, ILI% significantly increased in winter and spring, with peak between November and March of the next year, and the average ILI% was 2.75%. The top two constituent ratios of age groups in ILI were 0-4 year group （60.61%） and 5-14 year group （23.15%）. Western areas had the highest percentage of ILI% （4.68%）. A total of 33 695 swab samples from ILI were detected duringthe study period, of which 4 625 were positive with the positive rate of 13.73%, including 1 845 B virus, accounting for 39.89%, 1 509 H3N2 virus, accounting for 32.63%, 1 252 HlNlpdm09 virus, accounting for 27.07%, 19 mixed positive influenza virus, accounting for 0.41%. Conclusions The influenza peak time has been occurred in winter and spring in Inner Mongolia. The majority of ILl was children and the high epidemic region was the west of Inner Mongolia. The dominate influenza virus subtypes varied in different years.