一起医院腺病毒55型感染暴发疫情的现场流行病学调查和控制

Field epidemiological investigation and control of a human adenovirus type 55 outbreak in a hospital

目的调查一起腺病毒55型感染暴发疫情的流行病学特征,控制感染传播。方法采用统一的流行病学个案调查表进行现场调查,制订病例定义,描述流行特征;采集患者咽拭子,采用反转录–聚合酶链式反应技术鉴定病原体。按照边调查边控制的原则,落实防控措施。结果 2016年6月21日至7月8日累计发病43例,无重症和死亡病例。咽拭子标本检测确认为腺病毒55型感染,病例主要来自神经外科(41例,占95.35%),罹患率为24.12%(41/170)。结论该疫情是由腺病毒55型引起的医院呼吸道感染暴发疫情,传播途径可能为近距离飞沫传播和接触传播。建议医疗单位将腺病毒纳入呼吸道疾病常规诊断项目,提高对呼吸道传染病的早期诊断能力。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of human adenovirus type 55 infection in a class Ⅱ（A） hospital in Jiangmen, Guangdong province, in July, 2015, and provide evidence for the control of the epidemic. Methods The standard questionnaire was used for the field survey. The definition of case was established and the cases′ epidemiology characteristics were described. Throat swabs of the patients were collected and RT-PCR was conducted for pathogen detection. The comprehensive prevention and control were carried out based on the investigation results. Results A total of 43 cases were detected from 21 June to 8 July in 2016, no severe case or death occurred. Human adenovirus type 55 infection was confirmed by the results of throat swab testing. Infections mainly occurred in the department of neurosurgery（41 cases, 95.35%） and its attack rate was 24.12%（40/170）. The spread of the infections was stopped by a series of prevention and control measures. Conclusion This outbreak was caused by the human adenovirus type 55. The infection was mainly transmitted by respiratory droplets spread and through close contacts. It is suggested to consider human adenovirus infection in clinical diagnosis of respiratory diseases to improve the diagnosis of respiratory infectious diseases.