休耕政策存在的问题及对策

The Problems and Countermeasures of Fallow Policy

本文从农业转型发展的视角对我国休耕政策执行中可能衍生的问题进行系统预判,以便采取预防性措施减少执行过程的偏差,确保政策目标与结果的一致性。运用文献分析法和荟萃分析法研究发现,新时期我国休耕政策执行过程中值得关注的主要问题包括培育新产业和新就业岗位促进农业产业转型,协调休耕个人收益与社会收益,设计具有激励性和灵活性兼具的休耕补贴,培育农业创新理念,将现代化监管方法和技术运用于农业休耕中。以休耕政策为契机,把农业转型发展纳入政策目标,把现代化的生产要素和农业创新发展理念引入农业生产,促进小农户对休耕政策的积极响应和农业生产经营技能的提高。

The 19 th National Congress of the People ＇s Republic of China attached great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and green development. As the practice of sustainable development and green development,the crop rotation policy will usher in new strategic opportunities. From the perspective of agricultural transformation and development,we systematically anticipate the issues that may arise from the implementation of the crop rotation policy in order to take preventive measures to reduce deviations from the implementation process and ensure that the results fulfill the objectives. Using literature analysis and meta-analysis,we found that the main issues that may be of concern in the implementation of the crop rotation policy in the new period include： the cultivation of new industries and new jobs to promote the transformation of the agricultural industry; the coordination of personal gains and social benefits in the crop rotation policy; the incentive and flexible compensation policy for farmers who implement the crop rotation policy; the nurturing of agricultural innovation ideas; the application of modern regulatory methods and techniques to fallow farming. The crop rotation policy should be taken as an opportunity to incorporate agricultural transformation and development into policy objectives,introduce modern production factors and agricultural innovation and development concepts into agricultural production,and promote smallholders＇ active response to the policy and improve their agricultural production and management skills.