土地确权是否具有益贫性?——基于贫困地区调查数据的实证分析

Whether Farmland Registration and Certification Is Pro-poor:An Empirical Analysis Based on Survey Data of Poverty-stricken Areas

本文基于贫困地区1898户的建档立卡贫困户调查数据,采用中介效应模型,通过土地流转、劳动力转移和缓解信贷约束三种中间传导机制,分析土地确权对贫困农户收入的影响发现,土地确权有助于提高贫困农户的收入,其作用机制是,土地确权促进土地转出,提高了贫困户的财产性收入;土地确权通过促进劳动力转移提高了工资收入水平;土地确权所获得的抵押担保权属能够提高信贷可得性,缓解信贷约束、改善经营状况。在全面推进土地确权的基础上,需要进一步规范土地流转市场,加大贫困户劳动力转移的扶持力度,完善土地金融化和农村金融服务体系,发挥土地制度在精准扶贫中的积极作用。

The land system is an important factor affecting the livelihoods of the poor farmer. Based on the survey data of 1898 poor farmers in poverty-stricken areas,the paper adopts a mediation effect model to analyze the effect of farmland registration and certification on the poor farmer ＇s income through three intermediate transmission mechanisms,includingfarmland transfer,labor transfer,and easing credit constraints. The study finds that farmland registration and certification help improve the poor farmer＇s income by three kinds of mechanisms. Firstly,farmland registration and certification promotes land transfer and raises the property income of poor farmers. Secondly,farmland registration and certification increases wage income by promoting labor transfer. Thirdly,Mortgage security rights gave by farmland registration and certification can improve credit availability,ease credit constraints,and improve business conditions. The research conclusions provide a theoretical basis for exploring the effectiveness of the land system reform to boost the targeted poverty alleviation policies in poor areas. Therefore,on the basis of comprehensive advancement of farmland registration and certification,it is necessary to regulate the land transfer market,increase the support for labor transfer of poor households,and improve land finance and rural financial service systems so as to playing the positive role of land systems in targeted poverty alleviation.