吉林省免疫规划信息管理系统本地与流动儿童接种率比较

Vaccination coverage of local and migrant children based on the Immunization Program Information Management System in Jilin province

目的比较吉林省本地和流动儿童免疫规划（EPI）疫苗的接种率。方法通过吉林省免疫规划信息管理系统收集2010年出生儿童疫苗接种数据,比较本地和流动儿童EPI疫苗的接种率和合格接种率;采用全局和局部空间自相关分析本地与流动儿童接种率差值的地理分布特点。结果 2010年出生儿童中本地和流动儿童卡介苗（BCG）、无细胞百白破疫苗（DTaP）、含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗（MPV-A）和乙型脑炎疫苗（JEV）接种率均达到100%;本地儿童乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）、脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（OPV）、白喉破伤风联合疫苗（DT）、A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗（MPV-AC）和甲型肝炎疫苗（HepA）接种率明显高于流动儿童。本地儿童各EPI疫苗合格接种率明显高于流动儿童。全局空间自相关分析显示,各县区本地与流动儿童HepB接种率差值和OPV接种率差值呈聚集性;Getis-Ord Gi~＊指数分析显示,OPV接种率差值和HepB接种率差值分别呈现两个热点区域;Local Moran＇s I指数分析显示,OPV接种率差值有4个高-高（HH）聚集县区;HepB接种率差值有6个HH聚集县区、1个低-低（LL）聚集县区。结论吉林省本地和流动儿童接种率存在地区差异,本地儿童接种率高于流动儿童。

Objective To compare the coverage with Expanded Program on Immunization（EPI） vaccines of local and migrant children born in 2010 in Jilin province. Methods We used the Jilin Immunization Program Information Management System to obtain vaccination data among children born in 2010 for a comparison of coverage and qualified coverage between local and migrant children. Coverage differences were analyzed by global and local spatial autocorrelations. Results Coverage levels of Bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccine（BCG）, diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine（DTaP）, measles containing vaccine（MCV）, group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine（MPV-A）, and Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine（JEV） were all 100% in local and migrant children. Coverage levels of hepatitis B vaccine（HepB）, oral poliomyelitis attenuated live vaccine（OPV）, diphtheria and tetanus combined vaccine（DT）, group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine（MPV-AC）, and hepatitis A vaccine（HepA）, as well as qualified coverage rates of all EPI vaccines, were significantly higher in local children than in migrant children. Global spatial autocorrelation showed county clusters of coverage differences for HepB and OPV. Getis-Ord Gi~＊ local spatial autocorrelation showed two hot spots for OPV and HepB coverage differences. Local Moran＇s I analysis showed 4 high-high（HH） clustered counties for OPV coverage differences, and 6 HH clustered counties and 1 low-low（LL） clustered county for HepB coverage differences. Conclusions Vaccination coverage of local and migrant children varied by region in Jilin; coverage rates among local children were higher than among migrant children.