中美贸易战对在华外企影响及其化解建议

The Impact of Sino-US Trade War on Foreign Enterprises in China and Its Countermeasures

中美贸易冲突加剧以来,在华外企无法独善其身,甚至受到巨大影响。中美贸易战不仅影响了装备制造、汽车及其零部件、粮油加工、集成电路、健康医疗、鞋帽衣服等行业,还影响了全球产业链、价值链、供应链重构,影响了企业未来发展规划,影响了精神心理和意识形态等领域,引发了全球更加激烈的招商引资竞争,其恶劣影响将出现于明后年,其影响包含汇率波动、美元加息、环保督查、劳动力成本上升等国内外因素。在华外企一边观望,一边筹划应对措施,主要考虑是通过增加物流成本、转移生产基地、减少订单、分担关税、申请豁免、开辟新市场、建立新基地、寻求中国救助等方法来规避影响。我国应该通过优化服务来提升外企在华发展的稳定预期,出台一系列措施来消解他们在不明朗不确定前景下的渺茫心态,增强他们在华属地化、专业化、国际化发展的信心勇气和战略定力。

Since the intensification of Sino-US trade conflicts, foreign enterprises in China have not been able to stand alone or even have a huge impact. Through field investigation, this paper points out that Sino-US trade war has aflected the industries such as e- quipment manufacturing, automobile and its parts, grain and oil processing, integrated circuit, health care, shoes, hats and clothing, the restructuring of global industrial chain, value chain and supply chain, the future development planning of enterprises, the fields of mental psychology and ideology, ere, which have triggered more intense global competition of attracting business and capital, and its adverse ef- fects will occur in the next year, while the influence factors include exchange rate fluctuations, US dollar interest rate increases, environ- mental monitoring, rising labor costs and other domestic and foreign factors. While seeing but cannot make up their minds, foreign enter- prises in China are planning countermeasures to avoid the impact by increasing logistics costs, shiffing production bases, reducing orders, sharing tariffs, applying for exemptions, opening up new markets, establishing new bases, and seeking Chinese assistance. At the end of the article, the author suggests that we should improve the stable expectation of foreign enteqorises＇ development in China by optimizing service, introduce a series of measm＇es to eliminate their elusive mentality under unclear and uncertain prospects, and enhance their confidence, com＇age and strategic determination of localized, professional and international development in China.