中国省际数字鸿沟的空间格局演变及其驱动力分析

The Spatial Pattern Evolution of China's Inter-provincial Digital Division and Its Driving Force Analysis

基于对全球信息化发展形势的认识,我国提出网络强国战略,从而使得信息化发展不均衡形成的数字鸿沟问题再次走入公众视野。在此背景下,笔者构建了数字鸿沟测算指标体系,采用全局主成分分析法对我国2010—2016年31个省市区的数字鸿沟进行了测度,测度结果显示六年间,我国整体及各区域信息化水平不断提高,主要归因于信息技术的不断发展,其次是初始信息资源和信息人才、信息资源开发;空间格局演变结果显示,我国信息化建设区域热点分布呈从东部沿海地区向西部地区扩散趋势,西部地区的信息化水平七年间取得实质性提升,由信息化水平的冷点区上升至次冷点区。从形成原因看,中国省际数字鸿沟的存在主要源于中部地区信息化建设滞后,西部地区信息化水平快速提升,具体可分为政策设计滞后、工业化水平发展缓慢以及信息消费动力不足。

This paper carries out a quantitative analysis of 31 provinces and cities in China according to the method of ＂digital di- vision＂ between domestic and foreign scholars. The paper constructs the index system of digital division through 19 third-level indica- tors, and uses the method of global principal component to measure the data of digital division in China from 2010 to 2016, and analyzes the results of Ineasurement from two aspects： time series change and regional difference. The time variation results show that, from 2010 to 2016, the level of information of nation, region and province in China is increasing, the reason is mainly due to the rapid development and tast popularization of intormation industry. The second reason are that utilization of information technology-, the training of informa-tion talents, the development of information resources and progress of information industry. However, the regional difterenees show that the existence of the digital division is mainly due to the different information levels between regions, and the interregional division and the internal digital division are increasing slowly with time going on .