基于模糊综合评价法的淮河水质现状研究及治理建议

Study and Suggestion on Water Quality of the Huaihe River Based on the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Method

原水水质状况的优劣对城市供水系统具有重要影响,对水进行精准评价有助于水质监控与治理。选取2016年淮河干流安徽段4个监测点的水质数据,采用基于熵权法的模糊综合评价法来评价水质。按6级水质标准确定水质隶属度,利用熵权法在时间和空间两种不同的原则下计算权重,根据最大隶属度原则判定不同准则下的淮河水质级别,得出各监测点的水质情况。同时引入级别特征值,以确定不同时间段与监测点的超标因子。最后,综合两种方法对水质进行评价分析,得出4个监测点中王家坝污染最严重和淮河干流安徽段丰水期有机物污染严重的结论,并且根据评价结果给出了加强区域联动协调治理和采用多种方法分解超标有机物的建议。

Accurate evaluation of water quality plays an important role in monitoring and controling water quality because quality of raw water has an important impact on the urban water supply system. The water quality data of 4 monitoring points in the Anhui section of the Huaihe River main stream in 2016 are selected and the degree of the water quality is deter mined by the 6 grade water quality standard. The entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of the water quality under the two different principles of time and space. According to the maximum membership degree principle, the water quality level of Huaihe under the different criteria is determined, and the water quality of different monitoring points is obtained. At the same time, the grade eigenvalues are introduced to determine the over standard factors of different periods and monitoring points. Finally, the water quality is evaluated by two methods. The conclusion is drawn that the pollution of Wangjiaba is the most serious in 4 monitoring points and the pollution of organic matter in the flood season of the Huaihe River main stream is serious, at the same time, the suggestion of strengthening regional coordinated control and using various methods to decompose the excess organic is given.