日照口岸出境人员旅行相关疫苗接种状况分析

Analysis on travel related vaccination among exit personnel at Rizhao port

目的分析日照口岸出境人员免疫接种情况,为国际旅行预防接种工作提供参考。方法统计2014—2016年日照国际旅行卫生保健中心12 114名疫苗接种人员黄热病疫苗和霍乱疫苗的接种情况,按年度、性别、年龄、职业等因素对数据进行分析。结果 2014—2016年,日照口岸出境人员的黄热病疫苗、霍乱疫苗接种率分别为72.55%、60.48%,两种疫苗之间的接种率差异有统计学意义(χ2=516.13,P<0.05),年度之间接种率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两种疫苗的接种人群构成均以男性、41~50岁、劳务人员为主。黄热病疫苗的接种率在不同年龄、职业之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),性别之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);霍乱疫苗的接种率在不同性别、年龄、职业之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论日照口岸出境人员的黄热病疫苗、霍乱疫苗的总体接种率较低,黄热病疫苗接种率高于霍乱疫苗。应在口岸采取多项措施,提高旅行相关疫苗的接种率。

Objective To analyze the immunization of exit persons at Rizhao port,and to provide reference for international travel vaccination.Methods The data of 12 114 vaccination personnel in Rizhao International Travel health-care Center from 2014 to 2016 was collected.The vaccination of yellow fever vaccine and cholera vaccine was ana-lyzed according to annual,gender,age,occupation.Results Form 2014 to 2016,the vaccination rate of yellow fever vaccine,cholera vaccine was 72.55% and 60.48%,respectively,with statistical difference（χ^2=516.13,P 〈0.05）.There was statistical difference in the vaccination in different years.Most of the vaccinations were 41-50-year old males and labors.The vaccination rate of yellow fever vaccine showed statistical difference in different age and occupations（P 〈0.05）,but without difference in different gender（P 〉0.05）.For cholera vaccine,the inoculation rate was statistically significant among different gender,age and occupations（P 〈0.05）.Conclusion The vaccination rate of yellow fever vaccine and cholera vaccine was lower among exit personnel at Rizhao port,and the vaccination rate of yellow fever vaccine was higher than that of cholera vaccine.A number of measures should be taken at ports to improve the vaccination rate of travel related vaccines.