乙肝免疫球蛋白联合乙肝疫苗阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的临床效果观察

Clinical effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine in blocking hepatitis B virus maternal-neonatal transmission

目的观察乙肝免疫球蛋白联合乙肝疫苗阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的临床效果。方法将医院产科产前筛查乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)阳性但肝功能正常的164例产妇及其分娩的新生儿纳入研究,按照产妇及新生儿是否接受乙肝免疫球蛋白注射分为观察组102例和对照组62例。观察组给予乙肝免疫球蛋白+乙肝疫苗联用,对照组单用乙肝疫苗,比较2组新生儿HBs Ag阳性、抗-HBs阳性以及慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染情况。结果观察组新生儿出生时及出生后6个月、12个月HBs Ag阳性率均低于对照组,抗-HBs阳性率均高于对照组(P <0. 05);观察组新生儿出生后6个月、12个月慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染率均低于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论乙肝免疫球蛋白联合乙肝疫苗阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播效果优于单用乙肝疫苗,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine in interrupting maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus. Methods Clinical data of 164 pregnant women with HB- sag positive but normal liver function and their newborns were analyzed retrospectively. According to maternal and neonatal HBIG received or not, 120 cases in the observation group and 62 cases in the control group were divided. The control group was only inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine, while the observation group was given hepatitis B immunoglobulin on the basis of hepatitis B vaccine. HBsAg positive, anti-HBs positive and chronic hepatitis B virus infection were compared between the 2 groups. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at birth, 6 months and 12 months after birth, and the positive rate of anti-HBs was higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at 6 months and 12 months after birth （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine in blocking maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus is better than that of hepatitis B vaccine alone, which is worthy of clinical application.