杜甫的美学——《绝句四首》之三“两个黄鹂鸣翠柳”解读

On Du Fu's Aesthetics——Interpretation of “Two Golden Orioles Sing amid the Willows Green ‘in’ Four Quatrains”

《绝句四首》之三是杜甫创作于草堂的一首普通绝句,却反映了杜甫独特的生活美学与诗歌美学。这首诗在内容上貌似浅易,却透露出杜甫东下江左的打算与拒绝官场的立场,反映了杜甫人生观念从关注政治到关注平凡生活的变化,具有深度。这首绝句突破了绝句"正格",对起对结、貌似不相连属显示了杜甫特有的诗歌美学追求,而以小见大手法的使用,更有助于拓展诗境,体现杜诗的崇高感。一首小诗,亦显示了杜甫作为伟大诗人的巨大创新能力。

Although an ordinary quatrain as it is, the third of the ＂Four Quatrains＂, written in his Thatched Cottage, reflects Du Fu＇s unique aesthetics of life and poetry. Superficial in content, this poem reveals Du Fu＇s refusal to the offer of being an official and his plan to move to south of the low- er reaches of the Yangtzi River. It is profound in meaning, reflecting the change in Du Fu＇s concept of life from focusing on politics to paying attention to ordinary life. This quatrain breaks ＂positive genre＂ of a quatrain. It shows Du Fu＇s unique aesthetic pursuit of poetry, while the use of seeing big things through small ones helps to expand poetic conception so that it reads loftier. The creativity of so great a poet as Du Fu is fully demonstrated in so small a poem.