上海某石化园区周边区域VOCs污染特征及健康风险

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs in Areas Surrounding a Petrochemical Park in Shanghai

为了解石化周边区域大气VOCs污染特征,使用在线GC-FID监测仪于2017年10月对上海市某近石化周边居民区大气VOCs进行了为期1个月的连续观测;通过最大增量反应活性(MIR)法估算了VOCs对臭氧(O_3)生成的贡献,并进行了健康风险研究.结果表明,观测期间VOCs总质量浓度的范围16. 4～1 947. 8μg·m^(-3),平均浓度为40. 7μg·m^(-3);烷烃、烯/炔烃和芳香烃的平均占比分别为66. 2%、25. 9%和7. 9%. VOCs总浓度日变化特征呈现单峰型变化,峰值浓度为127. 9μg·m^(-3)(07:00). VOCs总浓度的平均臭氧生成潜势(OFP)为249. 7μg·m^(-3),烯、炔烃对OFP的贡献最高,达到153. 4μg·m^(-3);丙烯、反-2-丁烯、乙烯是关键的活性组分.己烷、苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻-二甲苯和间/对-二甲苯的健康风险较小.

To investigate the pollution characteristics of volatile organic compounds（ VOCs） in the vicinity of a petrochemical park,the composition and concentration of VOCs was successively monitored by application of a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in the residential area surrounding a petrochemical park in Shanghai in October 2017. Moreover,the maximum incremental reactive method was employed to estimate the O_3-formation potential contributed by VOCs,and health risks were assessed. Results showed that during the observation period,TVOCs concentrations ranged from 16. 4 μg·m^-3 to 1 947. 8 μg·m^-3 with an average concentration of40. 7 μg·m^-3,whereas the average proportions of alkanes,alkene/alkynes,and aromatic hydrocarbons were 66. 2%,25. 9%,and7. 9%,respectively. The diurnal variation of total VOCs concentration showed a monomodal change,with a peak concentration of127. 9 μg·m^-3 at 07： 00,whereas the TVOCs had an average ozone formation potential（ OFP） of 249. 7 μg·m^-3. Analysis of OFP indicated that trans-2-butene and ethylene were the most important species in ozone production with accountabilities for total OFP of153. 4 μg·m^-3. Propylene,trans-2-butene,and ethylene were the key active species. Furthermore,health risk assessments revealed that no significant health risks had been caused by hexane,benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,o-xylene,and m-xylene.